Longevity Magazine

Empower yourself with insights for preventive health, wellness and longevity. Explore our latest articles on fitness, personalized medicine, cutting-edge science and strategies to help you live a longer, healthier life.

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Omega-3 may turn back the epigenetic clock
Omega-3 Fatty Acids

2 min read

Omega-3 may turn back the epigenetic clock

An unexpected edge for healthy aging. What’s happening:A new Swiss-led clinical trial (DO-HEALTH) found that daily omega-3 supplements could slow down biological aging—at least for healthy adults over 70. Over three years, 777 participants took either 1g of plant-based omega-3, high-dose vitamin D, and/or did simple home workouts (three times a week). Researchers used cutting-edge “epigenetic clocks” (which track DNA methylation) to see how fast participants were aging at the cellular level. Key findings: Omega-3 alone slowed several epigenetic age markers, effectively making cells appear about three months “younger” than those in the placebo group.Combine & conquer: Adding vitamin D plus exercise amplified the anti-aging effect, resulting in four months of slower epigenetic aging.Extra perks: Past DO-HEALTH data linked omega-3 to a 10% reduction in falls and a 13% drop in infection risk among older adults. Even the chance of pre-frailty decreased by 39% when omega-3, vitamin D, and exercise teamed up.Why it matters:Omega-3 has long been hailed for heart and brain benefits. Now, it might help keep your cells younger, too—particularly if you’re combining supplements with movement and vitamin D. Given that aging is a top risk factor for chronic diseases, every month of biological “youth” counts.Expert take:“These effects may seem modest, but if they persist, the impact on public health could be substantial,” says study lead Heike Bischoff-Ferrari, referencing the real-world significance of slowing cellular aging.Looking ahead:Future research aims to identify exactly how omega-3 influences those DNA clocks.While the study focused on Swiss seniors, the results hint at broader possibilities for other age groups.As always, talk to your doctor before jumping on the supplement bandwagon—too much of a good thing can backfire. Still, a bit of healthy fat, sunshine vitamin, and moderate exercise might be your new trifecta for graceful aging.

Environmental toxins speed up aging?
Aging Research

2 min read

Environmental toxins speed up aging?

 Time to think twice. What’s happening:A new exposome-wide study—recently published in Aging (Aging-US)—found that certain environmental pollutants, including cadmium, lead, and cotinine, appear to ramp up biological aging. Using data from over 2,300 U.S. adults aged 50 to 84, researchers examined links between 64 toxic substances and eight epigenetic aging markers. Turns out, elevated exposure to these chemicals may accelerate our cellular “clocks,” raising the risk for age-related diseases. Key findings:Cadmium’s effect was especially potent; higher blood levels correlated with faster epigenetic aging. Think cigarette smoke, industrial emissions, and even contaminated foods.Cotinine, tied to tobacco exposure, also spelled trouble—reinforcing smoking’s harmful effect on longevity.Lead exposure, commonly from old paint or water pipes, was linked to “turbocharged” aging as well.Interestingly, certain PCBs (like PCB118) and dioxins (like HpCDD) showed a potential link with slower aging markers, although the overall health benefit of that finding remains unclear.Why it matters:It’s not just about living long, but staying healthy as you age. With toxins lurking in everyday settings—air, food, and household products—this study rings alarm bells for both individuals and policymakers. Notably, reducing exposure to high-risk pollutants could help slow aging at the DNA level.Expert take:“Environmental chemical exposures represent a key modifiable risk factor,” explains first author Dennis Khodasevich. “This study highlights how everyday pollutants may influence biological aging in the U.S. adult population.”Looking ahead:Stricter regulations may be essential to curb exposure to metals and other chemicals.Personal vigilance, like avoiding cigarette smoke and lead-contaminated water, could pay off in your long-term health.Researchers plan deeper dives into how pollutants accelerate specific age-related conditions—from heart disease to cognitive decline. In other words, watch this space.

Discover your molecular profile: a gentle introduction to MOLEQLAR’s EPI-Proteomics Test
Sponsored
Biomarkers

9 min read

Discover your molecular profile: a gentle introduction to MOLEQLAR’s EPI-Proteomics Test

Have you ever wondered how your day-to-day habits—like what you eat, how often you exercise, or even how much stress you carry—actually shape your body at the molecular level? We often hear that diet and lifestyle can affect our health, but connecting those dots can feel vague or distant. That’s where MOLEQLAR’s EPI-Proteomics Test comes in, offering a closer look at „your molecular profile” by measuring the proteins inside your cells. By highlighting trends in everything from vitamin turnover to your body’s pace of aging, this test can serve as a helpful guide when you’re aiming for a healthier, more balanced life.A fresh perspective on biological age Traditional tests might focus on DNA methylation to estimate biological age, but the EPI-Proteomics Test uses a different approach. Instead of zooming in on genetic “volume controls,” it analyzes the proteome—the total set of proteins in your cells at any given moment. Why does that matter? Proteins reflect the real-time state of your body. They can shift quickly with changes in diet, stress levels, and exercise habits, offering a dynamic snapshot of how your lifestyle translates into concrete biological effects.What is ProteoAge?Imagine looking beyond the simple tally of birthdays and peering into the microscopic world where your cells actually ‘live’ and ‘work.’ That’s precisely what ProteoAge measures: how old your body is on a molecular level, rather than on a purely chronological one. By analyzing thousands of protein signals, it becomes possible to determine how effectively cells are functioning at any given moment. Two people might share the same birth date, yet the one with a lower ProteoAge could feel more energetic, stay active longer, and generally enjoy better vitality. By understanding your ProteoAge, you gain a clearer picture of your inner fitness—empowering you to shape your lifestyle in a way that supports a healthier, more resilient you. Similar in principle, different in practiceEpigenetic tests commonly rely on methylation patterns in blood or saliva to gauge how lifestyle factors affect aging, whereas MOLEQLAR’s EPI-Proteomics Test measures proteins in cheek cells. The principle is broadly alike—unhealthy habits can raise your “age” while healthier routines tend to lower it—but the specific metrics and analytical methods differ. Although the results aren’t directly interchangeable with those from DNA methylation tests, both approaches can shed light on whether your day-to-day choices are boosting or undermining your molecular well-being.Why proteomics? Think of it like your personal gardenImagine your body as a thriving garden, where your genes act as seeds holding the potential to grow into various types of “plants.” Proteomics represents the actual garden at any given moment: which plants are sprouting, how robustly they’re growing, and how they respond to changes in sunlight, water, or soil quality. This real-time view reveals how factors like your diet, stress levels, and exercise habits help certain plants flourish—or cause weeds (negative processes) to spread.Epigenetics meets proteomics: why your daily choices matterIn this garden, epigenetic processes are like the gardener, deciding how much water, fertilizer, or shade each seed receives. If you’re sleep-deprived or frequently stressed, the gardener may unintentionally favor “inflammation” or “stress-response” plants, letting them crowd out the healthier growth. On the other hand, a balanced lifestyle—including regular workouts and nutrient-rich meals—can encourage more robust “muscle repair” or “energy metabolism” plants to thrive.By measuring which “plants” are actually present and active, proteomics shows the direct outcome of these epigenetic gardening choices. Over time, consistent care steers your garden toward a flourishing landscape, while neglect or poor habits can leave it wilted and overrun. Essentially, epigenetics sets the guidelines on how seeds can develop, and proteomics captures how those guidelines play out—offering a clear snapshot of your health at the cellular level. What the test reveals Biological age & pace of aging Through thousands of protein measurements in your cheek swab, the EPI-Proteomics Test estimates both your biological age and the speed at which you’re aging. This data offers insight into whether your lifestyle choices might be speeding things up—or, ideally, slowing things down. Nutritional health score Proteins shift in response to what you eat. By measuring specific markers tied to macronutrients (like carbohydrates, fats, and proteins) and micronutrients (like zinc or vitamins A and D), the test provides a Nutritional Molecular Score. The score indicates how closely your diet aligns with healthier patterns, guiding you toward small yet effective tweaks if you’re off-track—such as cutting down on sugary drinks or increasing vegetable intake. Sport & activity insights If you’re curious about whether your exercise routine is pushing you closer to a “healthy” zone or whether you could benefit from a broader range of activities (like more strength training or extra rest days), the test’s Sport Molecular Score can help. It compares your proteomic markers against those of individuals with varying degrees of physical activity and suggests ways to refine or expand your routine.Detailed biomarkers Beyond giving you an overall health score, the EPI-Proteomics Test pinpoints specific protein markers linked to: Vitamin E turnover: Adequate vitamin E utilization helps protect cells from oxidative stress—a factor that can accelerate the aging process. Cholesterol metabolism: Efficient cholesterol handling promotes cardiovascular health, which in turn supports a slower pace of biological aging. Sirtuin expression: Sirtuins govern key processes like DNA repair and metabolic regulation, making their balanced activity crucial for healthy aging. Inflammatory response: Keeping inflammation in check helps prevent chronic stress on the body, which can hasten age-related decline. Sugar regulation: Stable blood glucose levels reduce metabolic strain, potentially slowing down the cellular wear and tear that speeds up aging. Immune activation: A well-tuned immune system fends off illness and maintains tissue health, both of which contribute to healthier aging overall. And more… Molecular insights, not a medical diagnosis It’s important to note that this test doesn’t diagnose medical conditions. Instead, it acts like a map—helping you see how your current lifestyle choices may be shaping your unique molecular landscape. With that information, you can decide if you want to adjust your habits, whether by incorporating more plant-based meals, tweaking your workout schedule, or focusing on better sleep hygiene.Taking the test: a simple cheek swabSome tests rely on blood samples to measure broad markers. By contrast, the EPI-Proteomics Test uses a non-invasive cheek swab. Scientists then analyze thousands of proteins from your buccal cells using advanced mass spectrometry techniques. Because these proteins reflect day-to-day changes, re-testing after a few months can show whether your new dietary or fitness routines are indeed making a difference at the molecular level. Personalized results and actionable advice Your test results don’t just stop at numbers. You’ll receive:Scores for both nutrition and activity, comparing your results to a wider population. Suggestions on improving aspects of your daily life (e.g., lowering processed meat intake, trying new exercise forms, or balancing vitamin levels) based on how far your markers deviate from a healthier range. This structured feedback aims to inspire realistic, incremental change—rather than overwhelming you with drastic, unsustainable goals. Achieving long-term well-being often involves modest steps that gradually shift your habits in a more positive direction.Discover your personal hallmarks of agingImagine wrinkles and slowing reflexes as just the “cover story” of growing older. Behind the scenes, there’s a rich tapestry of twelve distinct cellular processes—from DNA stability and nutrient sensing to how your cells dispose of everyday “trash”—that all play roles in how quickly (or slowly) your body shows signs of wear. These interconnected mechanisms are collectively known as the hallmarks of aging.The good news? MOLEQLAR’s EPI-Proteomics Test goes beyond measuring your ProteoAge: it also offers a personalized glimpse into these hallmarks, helping you see which areas might need extra support. By exploring these molecular “checkpoints,” you gain a deeper understanding of what keeps you feeling energetic and resilient—and how small, science-backed changes in your daily routine might help slow the clock on aging.Compound biomarkers: a more robust approachWhile many tests focus on single proteins as standalone indicators, MOLEQLAR introduces the concept of compound biomarkers for deeper, more reliable insights. Rather than relying on individual protein measurements in isolation, multiple proteins are pooled and cross-validated to form a more comprehensive data set. This methodology applies not only to specific biomarker categories but also extends to ProteoAge and the hallmarks of aging. By analyzing clusters of data points rather than single markers, the resulting information offers a more accurate reflection of overall cellular function—ultimately making test results more meaningful for users.A small, yet significant step toward healthier aging Non-invasive sampling: No blood draw required. Comprehensive data: Thousands of protein markers analyzed. Lifestyle focus: Nutrition, activity, and overall well-being rather than clinical diagnoses. Custom recommendations: Real-world tips to help you align your daily habits with your cells’ needs. For anyone wanting a more concrete roadmap to a healthier life, the EPI-Proteomics Test can be a valuable checkpoint. It provides the “why” behind simple lifestyle changes and sets measurable milestones for you to hit along the way.Final thoughtsUnderstanding your body at the protein level can transform how you view your current habits—revealing whether you’re steadily nurturing your future health or inadvertently undermining it. By marrying complex lab science with practical feedback, MOLEQLAR helps to discover „Your molecular profile“ with a EPI-Proteomics Test, which may guide you toward the small, consistent lifestyle adjustments that could yield big benefits down the road.  Disclaimer: This advertorial is for informational purposes only and does not substitute medical advice. The EPI-Proteomics Test provides insight into lifestyle and biological patterns but is not designed to diagnose or treat any medical conditions. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making significant changes to your diet, exercise routine, or supplement regimen. 

Founder interview: Marc P. Bernegger, co-founder of Maximon
Aging Research

11 min read

Founder interview: Marc P. Bernegger, co-founder of Maximon

In this interview, Marc P. Bernegger shares his journey in the last 26 years from founding early internet companies to pioneering ventures in Bitcoin and longevity. He explains the role of Maximon, which was founded in 2021, in bridging the gap between scientific research and the business world, discusses the evolving landscape of health and longevity, and reveals how he balances multiple projects while maintaining a healthy lifestyle.Marc, please introduce yourself and tell us about Maximon.I founded my first internet company in 1999 right after high school and have always been fascinated by new topics. Back then, I was the only one in school with an internet connection — unimaginable today. In the mid-'90s, I recognized the potential of the internet and, driven by my interest in new technologies, felt the need to start my own companies. My first platform was a party platform, which we later sold to Springer. After that, I built a ticketing platform at a time when it wasn’t common to sign up and pay for events online; I eventually sold that to Xing. I then became involved in the Bitcoin space in 2012 — not as a speculator or investor, but as an entrepreneur interested in new technologies.  In 2017 we launched the Crypto Finance Group, which we later sold to the Deutsche Börse — one of the largest exits in the Swiss startup scene. During this journey, I identified for myself longevity as a new mega-trend. I have been following this topic since 2009, much like I did with the internet or Bitcoin, having gotten involved very early on a personal level. Four years ago, my partners and I decided it was the right moment to re-enter the business side of this field. In 2021 we founded Maximon. Unlike in 2009 — when the focus was primarily on futurists, transhumanists and utopians with little scientific backing or concrete applications — the landscape has changed dramatically in recent years. You, too, with New Zapiens, are a fascinating example, and that marked the starting point for the activities we now pursue with Maximon and our community.Could you describe who is at Maximon and who you have in your portfolio? Yes, it's important for us to say that we are a mix of serial entrepreneurs, investors, scientists, and physicians. We always strive to bridge the gap between science, research, and business. We've found that while there are many brilliant researchers and scientists, they often lack the business drive. If you want to do something seriously in this field, it must also be scientifically supported. We see Maximon as a bridge between research and the business world. We bring together those who take over projects with people who can build companies and manage distribution—essentially, everything that researchers typically don't possess. From the very beginning, it was important for us to identify topics that are not only going to be relevant in 15 or 20 years but that already have a measurable impact on people's lives today and are monetizable.Who do you have in your portfolio?Our first company Avea, which we launched three years ago, is a supplements company that has developed extremely well. It became profitable after 26 months and now generates several million in monthly revenue, with a significant part coming from Asia. We have heavily internationalized, and that's very exciting. For us, it's important to own our own patents—it's not just a marketing play. We don't want to sell snake oil; we really want to help people achieve measurable effects, for example, by delaying the aging process and optimizing health.Then we have another company called Ayun that we started last summer in Zurich. It operates in a 560-square-meter, fully regulated center in a prime location. We function as a clinic — hence we can call it a clinic. This means that, although it comes with all the restrictions (with doctors on-site, everything very expensive and elaborate), it is regulated just like a doctor's office or a hospital, which enables us to offer only serious and proven treatments.Additionally, we have a company in the machine learning sector called Biolytica — a B2B play. We also have a company in the female menopause area called Frida Health. Beyond that, we are seeking partners to cover the entire spectrum of applications—not just biotech, but topics that are tangible today.How do you balance your various commitments and projects with a healthy lifestyle? I always say that, unlike my partners, I don't live all the longevity ideals 100%. My first company was a party platform — so I still enjoy having a drink and don't adhere to an ultra-conscious, healthy lifestyle. However, I optimize many small things in my everyday life, such as incorporating more movement, getting fresh air, and taking walks in the forest — simple yet effective measures.Then there are shortcuts like red light therapy, oxygen therapy, and personalized supplementation. I've seen how you can achieve noticeable and measurable effects without completely turning your life upside down. That's my advice: The data is pretty clear about what is healthy and what isn't. Many things we do should simply be cut out — that alone would be the biggest health improvement for most people.I'm also a big advocate of the Blue Zones approach. Whether every aspect of it is 100% scientifically proven or not, the idea is to spend more time outdoors, enjoy life, and not obsess over perfect health metrics. If I stay up a bit later on occasion because I had a great evening, that’s far more valuable to me than a perfect sleep statistic.Let's get specific: Which supplements do you take regularly? Since we have our own supplement company, Avea, I naturally take many of our own products because I believe in them. We produce in Switzerland, and I review the tests and the reference values myself. But independent of our own products, I would say: I am a big fan of supplements.I take the classic mix: magnesium, zinc, and vitamin D — which I believe is beneficial for everyone, regardless of diet. NMN was the first supplementation for which I experienced noticeable, measurable effects after just a few weeks.Additionally, I've discovered collagen. We developed our own patented solution, and I know the studies behind it — one of which will be published soon. It was impressive to see how such a product can produce measurable effects in people.I also have a few personal favorites, like creatine and apple cider vinegar — something my grandmother recommended. I take magnesium situationally after sports, and green tea is a staple for me — plus, I drink plenty of water and avoid soft drinks as much as possible. I continually experiment with new things. Although I haven't been drawn to peptides or other advanced biohacking approaches so far, I'm open to change. Four years ago, I didn't take any supplements at all, except perhaps a multivitamin occasionally, because people believed it would help prevent colds. However, my behavior has changed dramatically with the knowledge I have today. I believe many people still massively underestimate the impact that supplements can have on their health.What were the most important learnings from your journey?That's a great question. I was surprised to learn that when it comes to purchase decisions or entry into a market, simple, relatable themes are what truly matter. For example, at Avea we always insisted that everything had to be scientifically backed — we even had all the papers and studies for every product on our website. You see this with supplements: while you could argue about mitochondrial effects or biohacking, that only interests 1% of consumers. Instead, messaging like "more activity," "more energy," or, in the case of collagen, "better skin" has a much stronger appeal — even if it isn’t exactly what we intended, as we wanted to distinguish ourselves from the beauty industry. In the end, while the facts and science are crucial for a purchase decision, overemphasizing them can hinder marketing. My key learning is that it’s vital to have scientific credibility, but you must also appeal to soft skills and emotions in the sales process.So, is your focus on making the problem understandable and offering a fitting solution?Exactly, that’s a challenge. The Biohacking-Community is very small compared to the general public. Most people who could potentially benefit from such products and services don’t engage deeply with science or longevity research.I also see this at leading longevity conferences, especially those with a strong scientific focus: They often discuss mitochondrial optimization and telomere length. While scientifically important, these topics are hard for the average consumer to grasp. Someone without a background in biology won’t understand these terms.That’s why the bridge between scientific research and understandable communication is often missing. You can have the best product, but if the end consumer doesn’t understand it, they won’t buy it.How old can we expect to live?Yes, that’s always a good question. I can answer it by talking to people who are likely very close to the mark. I would say that the average — considering that for the past four years, with speakers like Bryan Johnson and David Singer (and others in similar roles) and with several guests who are investors closely involved in development—lies at about 100 to 110 years. That’s the average, and then there are outliers who reach even higher, which is seen as very realistic. When I take a perspective and look at how life expectancy has changed over the last 100 years—especially in Western or more developed countries, where medical advancements have been most pronounced—the trend appears almost predictable. We still die from diseases today that, in the foreseeable future, will no longer be an issue.Could you elaborate further on this topic? Probably. For me personally, it's interesting because I've been following this subject for about 16 years. What's particularly intriguing is the terminology: it used to be the Internet, then Web 2.0, then Bitcoin, later crypto — and now people speak only of Bitcoin. The terms are getting mixed up, and momentum is hard to build. I feel that even every stylist offering a head massage also offers a longevity treatment. We need to consider more carefully what these terms really mean. I believe the umbrella term "preventive care" is too unspectacular — something new is needed. For example, in the Arab world, they use the term "healthspan", because "longevity" is seen critically from a religious perspective. Culturally, terms are used differently. Then there's also the term "living longer" — or "staying healthier for longer." That too attracts criticism. What I notice is that many people in similar fields use different terms without realizing they’re working on the same topics — take aging, for instance. In our context, aging is frowned upon because it's considered a beauty issue, but when you go to Asia, renowned aging professors speak of "anti-aging," which is the term for what we call "longevity." This is something I always have to point out — not everyone who uses a term means the same thing.Where do you think we are on the development curve of this entire field? I would say that even though you read about these terms everywhere compared to 5 years ago, when you talk to the general public, we’re still relatively at the beginning.What recent inspirations have influenced you, and which trends will reshape products and services in the next five years? I have to say, for me personally, Aubrey de Grey — although he was particularly controversial in his early phases — laid the foundation. I know him very well personally by now, and in his early stages, he very likely brought in the first major investors by demonstrating that longevity is a viable business. That's why some refer to him as the Godfather of Longevity. In the next phase, influencers like Andrew Huberman and David Sinclair played significant roles. In retrospect, you'll see that marketing also became more influential, but that’s part of the process: you can have the best scientific book, but if no one reads or listens to it, you won't reach the masses — much like Bryan Johnson does. We’ve hosted him at our events twice; his extreme approach helps bring a new topic into the public eye. In my view, the truly relevant players are the entrepreneurs and startups that build on the groundwork laid by figures like de Grey or certain influencers, effectively developing products and services that genuinely help consumers. It’s not just about having an interesting book or podcast — it’s about actively working on the solution. At Maximon, we operate as entrepreneurs — even if we do it to make money — with the goal of creating a measurable impact on people’s quality of life. That impact doesn’t come from politicians or authors; it comes from the entrepreneurs who build companies and deliver products and services to consumers. In my opinion, these are the true rockstars, and we’re very proud to support some of these companies with our activities.

How NAD supplements may support healthy aging — and how MOLEQLAR fits in
Sponsored
NAD+

10 min read

How NAD supplements may support healthy aging — and how MOLEQLAR fits in

Have you ever wondered why some people maintain high energy levels, mental clarity, and overall vitality as they get older? For many years, scientists have been investigating that question by looking into nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, commonly abbreviated as NAD+ or simply NAD. This tiny coenzyme seems to play a big role in healthy aging—supporting everything from DNA repair to energy production—and it has become one of the most researched molecules in longevity science.Below, we’ll explore what NAD is, why its levels naturally decline with age, and how the brand MOLEQLAR offers a multifaceted approach with its regeNAD (NAD Regenerating Complex). While NAD+ might be a central piece of the longevity puzzle, remember that no single supplement is a magic bullet. The goal is to better understand the science behind NAD+ so you can make informed decisions about your health and wellness journey.NAD+ 101: The basicsWhat exactly is NAD?NAD stands for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a molecule composed of two mononucleotides linked together via a chemical bond. You’ll find NAD in almost all of your cells, acting somewhat like a co-pilot (a “coenzyme”) to hundreds of different enzymes. Without NAD’s electron-carrying capabilities, many metabolic processes in the body would slow down or halt altogether.NAD+ vs. NADHNAD+ is the oxidized form of the molecule, ready to pick up electrons.  NADH is the reduced form, loaded with electrons to donate.  In your mitochondria—often called the “power plants” of the cell—NADH hands off electrons to the electron transport chain, thereby facilitating the production of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). This ATP powers nearly every cellular activity you undertake, from muscle movement to nerve signals.Why the buzz about NAD levels?NAD levels appear to decline with age, which some researchers believe could be a major driver of metabolic sluggishness, decreased cellular repair, and increased susceptibility to age-related disorders. In various animal models, boosting NAD+ leads to improved insulin sensitivity, cognitive function, and even lifespan extension. Early human studies have shown similarly promising, though not yet conclusive, results. This has fueled a surge of interest in ways to maintain or increase NAD+ levels through diet, lifestyle changes, or targeted supplementation.A brief historical perspectiveEarly discoveries1906: Scientists Arthur Harden and William Young first described NAD in the context of alcoholic fermentation. Interestingly, NAD is involved in both alcohol production (during fermentation) and its breakdown in the body.  1930s: Otto Warburg demonstrated NAD’s significance in redox reactions, which are electron-exchange processes fundamental to energy production in cells and to various industrial applications (like pyrotechnics and margarine manufacturing).From DNA repair to “Longevity Genes”1960s: Researchers discovered NAD’s involvement in DNA repair, specifically with enzymes known as PARPs (poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases).  Modern Focus—Sirtuins: NAD’s popularity today largely stems from its role in activating a family of enzymes called sirtuins (SIRT1–7). Sirtuins are sometimes referred to as “longevity genes” because they influence cellular metabolism, stress responses, and genetic stability. When NAD+ levels are high, sirtuins function more optimally.Niacin: The first cholesterol-lowering “Medication”Long before statins and PCSK9 inhibitors, high-dose niacin (a precursor of NAD) was used in the 1950s to reduce LDL cholesterol levels. This historical tidbit underscores the complexity of vitamin B3-related compounds and their importance to human health—even before scientists fully grasped NAD’s extensive role.Why NAD+ declines with ageIt’s well established that NAD+ levels drop significantly over time, but researchers propose several converging factors:Reduced Production: Key enzymes and precursors for NAD+ synthesis, such as NAMPT and certain forms of vitamin B3, may become less abundant as we age.  Increased Breakdown: Enzymes like CD38 and overactive PARPs can speed up NAD degradation. Chronic low-grade inflammation (“inflammaging”) can further elevate CD38 levels.  DNA Damage and Cell Stress: Accumulated DNA damage triggers more frequent use of NAD in repair processes, depleting available supplies.Potential benefits of higher NAD+Scientists have studied NAD’s role in many tissues, often focusing on how supporting NAD+ might promote “healthspan”—the years of life lived in good health rather than just lifespan.Brain and Cognitive Function: NAD+ is critical for mitochondrial performance within neurons. Some studies suggest improving NAD+ levels may support memory, reduce age-related cognitive decline, and even offer mild protection against noise-induced hearing loss.  Muscle Performance: Muscle cells require ample ATP, which depends on robust mitochondrial function—and thus NAD+. Animal models repeatedly show enhanced muscular endurance and strength when NAD+ is supported through supplementation or genetic manipulation.Heart Health: The heart’s endurance is unmatched—beating more than a billion times in an average lifespan. High concentrations of mitochondria (and the NAD+ they rely on) help maintain the consistent contractions. Early findings indicate that boosting NAD+ in older animals can improve cardiac function and resilience.Liver and Detoxification: The liver handles energy storage, protein synthesis, and detoxification. All these processes depend on enzyme systems that require NAD. It follows that higher NAD+ may support more efficient detox pathways.Immunity and Viral Defense: During certain viral infections, NAD helps fuel specific subsets of PARP enzymes that bolster cellular immunity. Researchers investigating SARS-CoV-2 noted that higher NAD+ levels might support antiviral responses—though the evidence is preliminary and may not generalize to all viral infections.‘Longevity Genes’ and the Hallmarks of Aging: Sirtuins, often called “longevity genes,” appear to rely on NAD+ to modulate multiple hallmarks of aging, including DNA repair, inflammatory pathways, and stress responses. By ensuring adequate NAD, you potentially influence a broad suite of age-related processes.Introduction to MOLEQLAR’s regeNAD (NAD Regenerating Complex)MOLEQLAR, a company dedicated to advanced nutrition and longevity research, has developed regeNAD (NAD Regenerating Complex) to tackle the multifaceted nature of NAD+ metabolism. Rather than depending on a single ingredient, regeNAD supplies various vitamin B3 derivatives—most notably nicotinamide D-ribose, which has garnered attention for its potentially greater efficacy compared to plain nicotinamide (Nam).While nicotinamide and nicotinic acid (niacin) remain valuable for feeding the Salvage and Preiss-Handler pathways, respectively, the inclusion of nicotinamide D-ribose offers a more direct route to key NAD+ intermediates. This shift responds directly to critiques that highlight the need for advanced forms of B3 beyond simple nicotinamide.Additionally, regeNAD includes L-tryptophan to support the De Novo pathway, vitamin B6 to facilitate NMN conversion into NAD+, and apigenin, an ingredient that may help inhibit CD38—a major contributor to NAD+ breakdown. Together, these components aim to optimize multiple steps of NAD+ metabolism, reflecting the growing consensus that targeted approaches like nicotinamide D-ribose can be more effective than relying solely on standard forms of vitamin B3.Spotlight on RiaGev®RiaGev is a proprietary blend of D-ribose and nicotinamide designed to support NAD+ biosynthesis and antioxidant capacity. A 2022 study published in Nutrients found that RiaGev supplementation in overweight or obese adults significantly increased NAD+ and glutathione levels, suggesting enhanced cellular energy metabolism and improved redox balance. These findings point to RiaGev’s potential role in maintaining metabolic health, particularly in individuals seeking targeted approaches to bolster NAD+ status.Don’t Miss Niagen® NR (NR plus TMG)Alongside regeNAD, MOLEQLAR also offers Niagen® NR, available as NR plus TMG Capsules. Niagen® is a branded form of nicotinamide riboside, one of the best-researched vitamin B3 derivatives. Studies have shown that NR can effectively raise NAD+ levels in humans, with potential benefits for metabolic function, cognitive support, and cellular resilience. Coupled with trimethylglycine (TMG), this formulation aims to enhance methylation processes—another factor that influences gene expression and overall metabolic health.Whether you choose regeNAD or Niagen® NR+, MOLEQLAR’s product range underscores the company’s commitment to clinically tested solutions for healthy aging. RiaGev® in regeNAD and Niagen® NR both align with the latest research on how best to maintain robust NAD+ levels. More than supplements: The holistic approachA holistic approach to healthy aging goes beyond simply taking supplements. Regular exercise, for instance, is known to upregulate the enzyme NAMPT, which indirectly helps maintain NAD+ levels. Intermittent fasting or caloric restriction may also support NAD+ by boosting sirtuin activity and reducing inflammation. In addition, a balanced diet that includes vitamin B3-rich foods (such as fish, meat, and whole grains) and amino acids like L-tryptophan can provide the essential building blocks for NAD+ synthesis. Before making any major changes—be it dietary shifts or supplementation—it’s helpful to establish a baseline. To this end, MOLEQLAR has teamed up with the University of Vilnius to develop an at-home NAD test kit. By using a simple dry blood sample, the kit measures your current NAD+ levels, allowing you to track how these levels respond to different interventions and helping you identify the most effective strategies for your individual needs. In addition to regeNAD, MOLEQLAR offers other products, such as the Fasten-Bundle, which includes compounds like Glucosamin, Berberin, and Spermidin to support various molecular aspects of fasting. Although these are not directly related to NAD+ metabolism, they can enhance an overall approach to metabolic health by assisting the body in managing stress responses, insulin sensitivity, and cellular maintenance.Is NAD+ the “Fountain of Youth”?While high NAD+ levels correlate with numerous markers of robust aging, we must remember that no single supplement can replace a healthy lifestyle. The field is still evolving, with plenty of unanswered questions about the interplay between inflammation, CD38 levels, sirtuin activation, and NAD metabolism. Future research may further clarify the best methods, dosages, and timing for NAD+ support.Here’s what we do know:NAD+ is fundamental to processes like cellular energy, DNA repair, and immune defense.  Levels drop with age, and this decline often coincides with reduced metabolic health and resilience.  Boosting NAD+ — by slowing its breakdown, providing enzymatic cofactors, and ensuring adequate precursors — seems to help maintain various aspects of healthspan in animal models and early human trials.  MOLEQLAR’S regeNAD stands out for embracing multiple pathways and steps in NAD synthesis and breakdown. Though no approach guarantees the proverbial “fountain of youth,” a well-rounded regimen that includes a balanced diet, regular exercise, good sleep, and thoughtful supplementation could tip the scales in favor of better aging.Final thoughtsNAD+ is more than just another health buzzword. Decades of biochemical and clinical research underscore its importance in keeping our cells running smoothly — especially as we grow older. Understanding NAD’s history, its complex web of pathways, and the factors that cause its decline allows us to make more nuanced choices about how to support healthy aging.MOLEQLAR recognizes the multi-faceted nature of NAD+ metabolism, which is why it developed regeNAD (NAD Regenerating Complex) to cover many bases—precursor supply, enzyme support, and breakdown inhibition. If you’re curious about how your NAD+ level shapes your daily life, consider measuring it using their at-home NAD test kit, then consult with a healthcare professional to figure out the best approach for your unique situation.Disclaimer: This advertorial is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always speak with a qualified healthcare provider before starting any new supplement, especially if you have underlying health conditions or take other medications. Results may vary, and research on NAD+ continues to evolve.

Longevity–key factors for a healthier, longer life
Aging Research

10 min read

Longevity–key factors for a healthier, longer life

In the past years we have observed a growing trend – Longevity. More people want to live healthier longer or put in scientific terms, they want to increase their healthspan and lifespan. Healthspan is the time you are “more or less” healthy, while lifespan is the time you are alive regardless of health or sickness. Especially after COVID the awareness that taking care of one’s health is important to new heights. The existing biohacking scene exploded, and disciples of famous biohackers looked for new ways to increase their healthspan or even reduce their aging rate. New markets opened up and new treatments surfaced, here are some examples: IV Drips: which are intra-venous infusions with vitamins, NAD, etc. with cool names like “Detox”, “anti-hangover”, “Rejuvenation” or so.HBOT: hyperbaric oxygenation therapy in a pressured tubeIHHT: intermittent hypo-/hyper oxygenation therapy, where you cycle between low and high oxygen inhalation, basically simulating high and low altitudeRed-Light Therapy: which is supposed to help with rejuvenation and mitochondrial activationAlso the supplement market exploded, driven by scientist like David Sinclair with thousands of readers of “Lifespan – why we age and why we don’t have to” following his supplement stack like Reservatrol or Quercetin regimen that had good results in mouse experiments.I feel that there is so much attention on how to hack oneself to healthier living while many forget the basic principles. All experts and scientists agree on the following lifestyle modifications that lead to a healthier life:Physical activity/ exercise at least 150 min every week. Building strength and endurance is unequivocally the most important element to stay healthy. Building strength, stability and endurance allows us to prepare for sarcopenia, the loss of muscle mass as we age. If we are not exercising, we are loosing about 10% muscle mass every 10 years. By building an exercise routine as early as possible we can reduce that aging phenomenon and prevent frailty which often results in falls, bone fractures and ultimately preventable deaths.A balanced diet that reduces sugar intake and focuses on the right amount of fiber, protein and complex carbohydrates Sleep: never in history of mankind has sleep gotten the attention it deserves – sleep quality, quantity, regularity and timing are key to good, regenerative sleep for your body and brain!Reduction of stress reduces the levels of cortisol which has positive effects on many levels.Social interactions and mental fitness – we also need to train our brain and keep it active. Spending time in nature and with close friends improves brain function.While it is tempting to focus on the next pill or cool intervention I would like to highlight the importance of the basics above. In my opinion they make up for 95% of living healthier longer.We should focus more on getting the basics right, reducing toxins (highly processed food, refined sugar, reduce alcohol consumption, etc.) and supplement deficiencies (Vit D3/K2, Magnesium, Omega 3, etc.). I feel that more and more people are getting less mindful of their respective lifestyle choices and do not want to change their habits. Instead, they spend a lot of time and in many cases a lot of money on the latest gadgets and therapies sometimes with weak evidence levels.One good example of a somewhat affordable interventions are actions around the concept of hormesis which is basically is somewhat “what doesn’t kill you makes you stronger” or “the dosage makes the poison”.Let me explain:High temperatures for a longer period can be deadly for us humans. But exposing yourself to 20-30 min of Sauna (80-90°C) every day, can reduce your all-cause mortality by 40% (Rhonda Patrick has all the details here). "Heat-shock proteins" are generated that have a positive effect - see below.Extreme cold for a longer period can also be deadly. But exposing yourself for short periods to the cold seems to have positive effects and “cold-shock proteins” are being expressed which help to repair damaged proteins, just like “heat-shock proteins” do after Sauna. The activation of mitochondria and build-up of brown fat tissue (fat cells with more mitochondria look more brownish) has yet to be better studied.Depriving yourself from food for a long time can also end with death. But fasting for 3-7 days has shown to have a very positive effect on the gut microbiome and supports autophagy, which is the self-cleaning mechanism of the human body. Old or dysfunctional cells are being recycled as the body turns into emergency mode and uses every resource to increase the chances of survival. This also eliminates socalled Zombi-cells or senescent cells, which are dysfunctional cells that have not initiated apoptosis, the programmed cell-death. Those cells continue to exist and produce toxins. Fasting therefore is a self-cleaning process that helps to reset the microbiome as well.Another low-cost intervention is breathwork. I will not get into details here but breathing exercises in different forms have direct effects on our body. Just look up Wim Hof and how he manipulates his immune response through breathing.Let’s look at the “4 horsemen” as Peter Attia calls the leading causes of death:Cardiovascular disease (heart-attacks, strokes, etc.)CancerNeurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer’s, Dementia of any kind)Metabolic syndrome (Adiposity, Insulin resistance with type II diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension)Today we know that regular exercise, sufficient sleep, a balanced diet with limited refined sugar and a real (not virtual) social network with regular in-person interaction are the best ways to reduce the risk of getting sick.If the above listed lifestyle interventions do not reduce high cholesterol levels or high blood pressure because of genetic predispositions then the use medication is highly recommended. High blood pressure over time damages the inner lining of blood vessels called “intima”. High cholesterol levels in combination with high blood pressure increases the risk of plaques which are cholesterol depositions underneath the intima. These plaques create reduced blood flow which reduces the supply with oxygen of the respective tissue and the risk of blood clots increases which can cause embolisms, heart attacks or strokes.In general, we should make use of preventative medicine. In many countries there are regular check-ups which are covered by most insurances. I would also advise to invest more in preventative care to detect any diseases as early as possible. The earlier the disease is detected the higher the chances of curing it. Longevity research has made significant progress in recent years, and there are many exciting developments expected in the future. Here are some of the most promising areas:Genome Editing and Gene Therapy: With technologies like CRISPR/Cas9, it is possible to make targeted changes to the human genome. This could help cure genetic diseases and potentially slow down or stop aging if we can identify the right switches.Stem Cell Therapy: Stem cells have the potential to regenerate damaged tissue and improve organ function. In the future, stem cell therapies could play a crucial role in treating age-related diseases like arthritis.Artificial Intelligence and Big Data: By analyzing large datasets, patterns and connections that were previously unknown can be discovered. Artificial intelligence could help create personalized health plans and detect early signs of diseases.Microbiome Research: The human microbiome, which is the collection of microorganisms in the body, plays an important role in health. Future research could reveal new ways to use the microbiome to slow down aging and improve health. I have analyzed my microbiome and still cannot make any use of the results. We still need to better understand how a good microbiome looks like for each individual person.Pharmacological Interventions: There are already some drugs that have the potential to slow down aging. In the future, new compounds could be developed that specifically target the mechanisms of aging and extend lifespan. Metformin is one example that is further tested in the famous TAME trial. Rapamycin has also been touted as a potentially beneficial for health and longevity. But we are still missing conclusive results.Preventive Medicine: The importance of preventive medicine will continue to grow. Regular health check-ups and early interventions can help prevent diseases and improve quality of life in old age. Liquid biopsies can now detect cancer cells or cancer DNA earlier than the cancer shows in a CT or MRI scan. I have done many preventative tests, from whole-body MRIs to cardio-CT scans to detect soft plaque to full genome tests, extensive blood work, microbiome testing and more mundane colonoscopies. I just don’t want to die of something stupid or detectable.Technological Innovations: New technologies such as wearable health devices, telemedicine, and personalized medicine will revolutionize how we monitor and treat our health. Existing technologies like Oura or Whoop are great in helping us to understand our body better. This are just the beginning. New technologies will enable us to measure and analyze many more parameters in real time and suggest immediate interventions that help us to live healthy lives longer. These developments show that the future of longevity research is promising. However, it is important to continue focusing on the basics of health care and rely on proven methods to live a long and healthy life.ConclusionPlease do not get me wrong, I would consider myself to be a small biohacker and new therapies like HBOT, IHHT, red-light therapy can have very positive effects. What I am trying to say is that we should start with the basics first and try to optimize those as much as possible as these are relatively low in cost and mostly require discipline (forming of new habits). Once we have optimized the basics (exercise, nutrition, sleep, stress, social interaction) we can start looking at how to optimize the remaining 5% or so by using new tech if we can and want to spend the needed time and money for it. The future holds a lot of technological innovation and advancements in research. While gene editing is most likely further out, technologies like stem cell therapies or pharmaceutical interventions might be broadly available in the next 5-10 years and will help us to extend our healthspan. Through medical advancement we in principle get to live one more year for every 4 years that we live. That rate can accelerate and some futurists like Ray Kurzweil or medical experts like George Church from the Harvard Medical School predict that we might get to the “Longevity Escape Velocity” where we get more than year of additional lifetime for every year that we survive.I personally think that life is precious because it is limited in time. If we were to be able to live forever, then life as we know it would lose a lot of its meaning – at least for me. Death is a critical part of life. Without death there is now renewal and evolution. To a long and healthy life my fellow Zapiens – may it be full of health and happiness, and when the time comes, it hopefully ends fast and in peace. Let’s make the most of it!