Longevity Magazine

Empower yourself with insights for preventive health, wellness and longevity. Explore our latest articles on fitness, personalized medicine, cutting-edge science and strategies to help you live a longer, healthier life.

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Founder interview: Dr. Michael Lustgarten, Founder and Scientist at Conquer Aging or Die Trying!
Aging Research

4 min read

Founder interview: Dr. Michael Lustgarten, Founder and Scientist at Conquer Aging or Die Trying!

In our Founder Interview series, we highlight the brightest minds in preventive health, wellness, and longevity. In Episode 8, we’re honored to feature Dr. Michael Lustgarten, founder and scientist at Conquer Aging or Die Trying!—a leading voice in evidence-based strategies to slow aging and extend healthspan.Tell us a little about yourself and your current ventureMy name is Michael Lustgarten. I earned my PhD in Physiology in 2009, and until 2025, I worked as a university-level research scientist leading studies aimed at optimizing the gut-muscle axis in older adults.In mid-2025, I left my primary academic appointment (Assistant Professor), and transitioned to full-time on YouTube/Patreon, and consulting with clients and companies focused on health/longevity optimization.In terms of my current venture, what if we could discover our own personal recipe (diet, supplements, exercise, sleep, room temperature, humidity, air quality, etc) for optimizing health, and potentially, longevity?How can we do that?By collecting data, lots of data, and looking at correlations to see what might be best. The recipe can't be discovered from one or a few tests, but years of collection....How do you balance the demands of running a business while maintaining your own health and longevity?The business ("Conquer Aging or Die Trying!") is central to my health and longevity, they're connected.Do you have a personal health goal? What is it? To live longer than everyone that has ever lived (122y).Before launching Conquer Aging or Die Trying!, can you walk us through the “aha” moment that inspired the creation of your service?About 20y ago, I read a book about calorie restriction and biomarkers ("Beyond the 120 Year Diet"), and thought, "this is the way".Aging and disease are biochemical processes that happen over decades-if we track and optimize that, we can potentially reduce disease risk, maximize health, slow aging, and extend lifespan.What sets Conquer Aging or Die Trying! apart in the health and wellness industry?While almost everyone is focused on purported longevity-promoting interventions, few are actually tracking objective biomarkers to see if they work or not. Evaluating whether an intervention works can't happen with 1 or 2 tests, but many, i.e. 5-10 baseline, and 5-10 per intervention. I hope to inspire others to test, track, interpret, and repeat!What’s the most surprising lesson you’ve learned from your customers or users?No surprises! There isn't a 1-size-fits-all approach, but I know that going in.What is the most groundbreaking or unexpected finding in the field of longevity research that you’ve come across recently, and why do you find it so compelling?Companies with direct-to-consumer technology, as it's strting to bypass the traditional model of having to ask your PCP for test orders. Then, optimizing health is in our own hands!In your opinion, which emerging longevity trend or product will have the most transformative impact on our health over the next five years, and why?Objective biomarker tracking and optimization, rather than the hope that supplements will bring youth (without objective data at the individual levelt hat supports its efficacy). Also, AI as a part of this process, to help decipher the recipe.One thing you wish more people knew about health and longevity?That we don't have to wait for studies in others, or rely on studies in animal models to guide health-we can test ourselves, and often, to discover our own personal recipe!What is the biggest longevity myth you’d like to debunk?All interventions can be rubbish-the only way to know is to test, and that's what I promote-don't assume that supplements, or other interventions (red light/sauna/cold plunge, etc) work, look at the objective data (biomarkers). Is it (or are they) a net positive, neutral, or detrimental?If you could recommend only one supplement for a longer, healthier life, which would it be, and what makes it indispensable?It's not a supplement-achieving optimal body composition and fitness are atop the list.What resources (books, podcasts, mentors) have been most valuable in your entrepreneurial journey?Beyond The 120 yr Diet, then lots of textbooks (Biochemistry B.A, Physiology PhD) and published papers (to determine what's optimal for 35 + biomarkers). The reference range wasn't designed with the intention of longevity, in contrast.If there’s one message or insight you’d like readers to take away from your journey, what would it be?Track, test, and oftenAdditionally, F-around, Find-out, i.e. include an intervention, what does the data show? Modify/alter the intervention, collect more data, and continue until you've discovered the approach that best optimizes health (and potentially, longevity).

Longevity: AI’s First Philanthropic Goal
Lifespan Extension Interventions

5 min read

Longevity: AI’s First Philanthropic Goal

The Impending Global Population CollapseWe all have heard about the overpopulation problem Earth is facing. With so many people it is getting harder and harder to scale resources to meet this growing demand. If someone told us that this growth is only an illusion and that the world population is actually going to decline significantly over the next 100 years. Would that be enough for you to sit up and pay close attention? In contrast to what we thought was going to be the number one problem facing our generation, we might instead have to worry about the rapidly shrinking human population. Scientists today believe that we might have miscalculated the runaway population growth scenario. As evidence they present the total fertility rate (TFR), representing the average number of live children a woman bears. This number has been consistently falling since the 1970s, dropping below the "replacement rate" of 2.1 in more and more countries. The US TFR fell below 2.0 in 1973, the UK in 1974, South Korea in 1984, and China in 1991. Current fertility rates include: South Korea (0.68), Japan (1.37), Iran (1.6), and India (2.0). Projections indicate a significant global population decrease in the coming decades, with some radical estimates suggesting the world population could be as low as one-tenth of its current size in a hundred years, or even 250 million by 2200."There are scenarios that the world population a hundred years on may only be one-tenth of what it is now." - says Dr. Subhash Kak.Increasing Age of the PopulationA shrinking total fertility rate (TFR) implies an increasingly aging population. As per the 2023 census, the US has 17% of the population above the age of 65 that is about 57 Million older adults. By 2040, there will be about 87 Million people in that age group. And if the TFR numbers are to be believed the 87 Million might represent up to 30% of the total US population.“Older Adults Outnumber Children in Nearly Half of U.S. Counties in 2024” - US Census BureauConsequences of aging and low TFRGrowing non-discretionary spending on Medicare, Medicaid, Social Security, and interest payments on national debt are exacerbated by an aging population. "Most of the reason we spend more than we make comes down to exploding non-discretionary spending on Medicare, Medicaid, Social Security, and interest payments on our high national debt", says Drory. Adults aged 65 and older are 18% of the population, but they account for 36% of healthcare spending. Pension systems are designed for a higher ratio of working-age individuals to retirees. As populations age and shrink, these systems become insolvent. "Japan is approaching one working age person for each pensioner and China will soon have one working age person for two pensioners, and clearly these ratios are unsustainable." - says Dr. Kak."Social security is going bankrupt" says Omri Drory.Extending Human HealthspanWe cannot ignore the long-term economic benefits from extending human healthspan. a) Reduced Healthcare Costs and Increased Wealth Accumulation b) Stronger Retirement Systems c) Experienced Workers. Healthy older people spend significantly less on healthcare. A longer period of peak earning potential leads to greater individual wealth and increased investment throughout the economy. If people remain productive longer, they contribute to the economy. Longevity allows the retention of "most experienced and productive workers during their peak contribution years. A single year of life expectancy improvement of the older population can generate economic value equal to 4-5% of annual GDP.Slowing down aging enough to raise life expectancy by just one year is worth $38 trillion to the United States alone. 10 years is worth $367 trillion.", says DroryThe Role of AI in Achieving LongevityAdvances in biotechnology and related interventions might give rise to critical solutions to these impending crises. Drory argues that "keeping people young, healthy and productive can genuinely address some of these challenges." As per him, the issue is not living longer, but "getting old with multiple chronic conditions."  Consequently, longevity technology should aim to extend health span (healthy, productive years), not just the lifespan. "Today, humans live about 15-20 years longer, but we haven’t proportionally increased our health span—the number of healthy, productive years we have", says Drory. While it is clear extending the health span might benefit the human race tremendously; we foresee the use of AI in helping humans overcome personal barriers in achieving longevity. Physiologically, AI can detect symptoms or changes in the human body that can serve as early warning flags. Emotionally, AI can provide support to deal with challenging life situations. Psychologically, AI can provide grounding and non-judgemental outlook that can gently modify behavior. Socially, AI can keep you connected and engaged so that you are not isolated or deprived of attention when you need it. AI is already bringing down the cost of running tasks that only need internet and cloud computing resources. It is not too hard to anticipate that AI products will soon be serving the Longevity needs.For starters, AI can be used to empower people with a comprehensive understanding of their personal health data, giving back full control on the life decisions, which include health and wellness decisions too. From the developments in the field, it is not a far-fetched idea to imagine that AI can be trained to develop a philanthropic personality so that it can interact with humans with deep empathy, care and genuine concern.

Longevity Escape Velocity – living long enough to live forever
Lifespan Extension Interventions

8 min read

Longevity Escape Velocity – living long enough to live forever

Can We Live Forever?As a New Zapiens reader, you’re probably already interested in wellness, health, and longevity - making lifestyle choices to feel good today and hopefully live a longer, healthier life. But just how long could that be? Is it possible to live a radically longer life, maybe to live forever?As the founder of the Live Forever Club, you may expect me to answer “yes!” with glee. However, my answer is a bit more nuanced than that – it’s “no, but you may be able to live long enough to live forever.”Let’s break that down a bit. The initial “no” is because whatever you do today, whether you have the funds to monitor every biomarker and benefit from all of the latest therapies (like, say, Bryan Johnson) you’ll still be lucky to make it to 100, let alone break the record for maximum lifespan – currently held by Jeanne Calment who made it to 122 back in 1997. However, eventually, it is inevitable that science and technology will beat nature at her own game. We’re barely a few centuries on from discovering the human cell and only understood how DNA was structured 70 years ago. Sequencing the first human genome was completed in 2003, having taken 13 years and almost three billion dollars – but now it can be done in under a day for a few hundred dollars. This, along with automated laboratories examining thousands of molecules at a time, means that our understanding of human biology, including ageing, is increasing exponentially. It is hard to imagine the depth of our knowledge in another 70 years, let alone 700 or 7,000 – so it’s not a matter of if, but when we will cure ageing.Between the “no” and the “yes” comes the question, “can you live long enough to live forever?”. You can’t live forever today.We might not cure aging within your current remaining life expectancy.But that doesn’t mean you won’t live forever, as long as you reach longevity escape velocity.The Science Behind Longevity Escape VelocityHold on. What is longevity escape velocity (LEV)? This is the idea that to live indefinitely, your life expectancy needs to increase a year for every year that you live, with your anticipated death constantly being kicked further down the road. Roughly speaking, in the 20th century, life expectancy increased about 3 months for every year that you lived, so we’re a quarter of the way there already.Let’s use a concrete example, me, to see what that means in practice. I’m in my mid-50s so I have a remaining life expectancy of about 30 years. I don’t think that ageing will be fully under control by the time I’m in my eighties but that doesn’t write off my chances of living forever. Why? Because therapies that slow, and even reverse, ageing will start arriving during those 30 years which will buy me more time for improved therapies to be developed, which buys me more time again, and on, and on, and on.“Really?” I hear you ask. I understand, you may not have heard anything about the prospect of radical life extension except for some crazy billionaires and over-hyped podcasters.But things are moving rapidly on the science and investment fronts, and that will only speed up as early positive results encourage the industry further. For example, the XPRIZE Foundation (which launched its first prize in 1996 to launch the private space industry) recently announced a $101 million healthspan prize to be awarded to any organization able to reverse biological age by 10 years. To win, a team has to take a group of 50- to 80-year-olds, treat them for a year, and make their muscle, cognitive, and immune functions act as if they were 10 years younger. This isn’t targeting a specific disease, but the underlying causes of ageing. Over 600 teams, including universities and biotech companies, have entered the competition, and 40 were recently selected to receive $250,000 each to help fund their efforts – so there are a lot of intelligent people out there who really think that this is possible. And it is important that the XPRIZE Healthspan is targeting ageing because ageing increases the risk of all diseases. You may remember the covid curve showing the rapidly increasing risk of death from coronavirus infection the older you were – but this is the same for most age-related diseases too. Since the beginning of medicine, we’ve tried to tackle one disease at a time – but even if we cured cancer life expectancy would only increase by 2-3 years, because another age-related disease will pop up and kill you soon after that any way.Ageing as the Root of All DiseaseThe better approach to allow us all to live longer, healthier lives is to repair the underlying damage caused by ageing. The drivers of ageing have been summarised in a highly cited research paper called the hallmarks of ageing. It described about a dozen biological processes that change with age – for example, shortening telomeres, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, and stem cell exhaustion. It’s not necessary to understand what each of the hallmarks of ageing are, rather to know that there are plenty of scientists and companies developing treatments for each of them which will slowly allow us to stop ageing.Going back to my chances of living forever, how do initiatives such XPRIZE Healthspan impact that? Well, let’s be a bit pessimistic for now, and assume nobody wins this time around, and it takes until 2035 (instead of 2030) to reverse aging by 5 years (instead of 10-20 years hoped by the organisers). So, in 2035, I’m now 65 and should have a remaining life expectancy of 20 years – but the XPRIZE winners have just bought me another 5 years by reversing my biological age by half a decade – meaning my remaining life expectancy is 25 years.Maybe the initial therapies were the low hanging fruit of rejuvenation therapies, so it takes another 10 years to reverse my biological age by another 5 years. Now, in 2045, I’m chronologically 75 years old, but biologically 65 – with a remaining life expectancy of 20 years (rather than a mere 10 if nothing had changed).With medical research closely bound to data and computing, it is following a Moore’s Law style exponential increase in productivity. By the mid-2040s, or perhaps even sooner if quantum computers have their day, many experiments will be carried out ‘in silico’ (using computer simulations and digital twins). So, it is very likely that in the following 10 years (2045-2055) the rate of progress will increase, and my life expectancy will increase by another 10 years – effectively stopping me ageing. And shortly afterwards, 10 years of age-reversal will take less than 10 years to develop, so I’ll start to be rejuvenated. By the end of this century, it may be possible to fully rejuvenate my body and brain to its peak health as if I was a 20-something again.I’ll summarise all of that in a table…Chronological vs. Biological Age (2025–2100)So, back to the original question. Can you live forever? Yes – assuming science and technology continues its exponential growth and it isn’t thwarted by government regulation, or worse, the breakout of World War 3. Though, of course, that also depends on how old you are today as improvements would have to come thick and fast to save people in 80s and 90s.How to Increase Your ChancesHow can you make sure you live long enough to live forever? As usual, follow what your mother told you – good diet, exercise, sleep and relationships. Experiment with supplements (though study them carefully and use biomarkers to track their impact) and keep an eye out for evidence-backed early treatments (maybe red-light therapy is worth a try). Beyond that, one of the best things you can do is talk to others about the prospect of radical life extension.Raising awareness of the potential to cure ageing will help kick people out of the death trance which assumes curing ageing is impossible (and generates crazy arguments like death gives life meaning) and encourage more investment into the longevity industry; if governments think their voters want to cure ageing then they’ll fund it more, and if investors think there is demand for true rejuvenation treatments then they’ll start putting in the billions of dollars that this is going to take. Could I be wrong? Of course. Maybe reversing ageing is not inevitable, or just not on the timescales to save people alive today. But unless you have your hopes pinned on cryonics (preserving your body when you die hoping you can be reanimated in future) then what have you got to lose? 100,000 die of old age EVERY DAY – don’t let yourself become one of them.

Founder Interview: Dr. Gil Blander, Founder of InsideTracker
Biomarkers

9 min read

Founder Interview: Dr. Gil Blander, Founder of InsideTracker

In our Founder Interview series, we highlight the brightest minds in preventive health, wellness, and longevity. In Episode 7, we’re honored to feature Dr. Gil Blander, founder of InsideTracker—a leader in personalized health and longevity through biomarker-based insights.Tell us a little about yourself and your current ventureI am a scientist and entrepreneur with a lifelong passion for understanding the biology of aging and extending human healthspan. After earning my Ph.D. in biology from the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel, I completed postdoctoral research on aging at MIT. My career has been dedicated to bridging the gap between scientific discovery and practical health solutions that people can use in their daily lives to optimize longevity, performance, and well-being.I founded InsideTracker with a team of scientists from MIT, Harvard, and Tufts with one clear mission: to help people live healthier, longer lives. InsideTracker is a personalized health platform that uses blood biomarkers, DNA, physiological data, food and supplement consumption, and daily habits to provide science-backed recommendations tailored to each individual. Our goal is to transform cutting-edge scientific research into actionable guidance that empowers people to make smarter, data-driven decisions about their nutrition, exercise, sleep, and overall lifestyle.As the host of the Longevity by Design podcast, I have the pleasure of speaking with the world’s leading researchers, clinicians, and thought leaders in the fields of aging, health, and performance. Each episode is an opportunity to explore the latest scientific breakthroughs and practical strategies for improving healthspan. My goal with this podcast is to make longevity science accessible, insightful, and actionable for anyone who wants to live a longer, healthier, and more vibrant life.How do you balance the demands of running a business while maintaining your own health and longevity?Balancing the demands of running a business with maintaining my own health and longevity is both a personal commitment and a daily practice. As a scientist and the founder of InsideTracker, I deeply believe that you can’t just talk about health, you have to live it. I make it a priority to regularly measure my own biomarkers, track my sleep using Oura ring, stay active, and follow personalized nutrition and lifestyle recommendations based on real data (the same approach we offer our customers). Of course, like any entrepreneur, there are intense work periods, travel, and stress, but I’ve learned that small, consistent habits, like taking breaks to walk, and protecting time for exercise (I exercise every day, even when traveling) help me stay energized, focused, and resilient. My personal health is not separate from my work; it fuels it. By living what I preach, I aim to be an example of how science-based decisions can truly optimize longevity, even in the middle of building and leading a fast-growing company.Do you have a personal health goal? What is it? My personal health goal has always been clear: to stay as healthy and vibrant as possible for as long as I can. For me, it’s not just about lifespan—it’s about healthspan. I want to remain strong, energetic, and capable well into my 80s and 90s. I imagine myself in the future, climbing mountains and riding my mountain bike alongside my grandchildren, fully engaged and enjoying life without limitations. This vision motivates the daily choices I make, from the food I eat, the sleep I protect, to the biomarkers I track and optimize. It’s also the deeper reason why I founded InsideTracker, to help others achieve the same kind of long, active, fulfilling life.Before launching InsideTracker, can you walk us through the “aha” moment that inspired the creation of your service?The “aha” moment that inspired me to create InsideTracker came from a deep frustration I felt while working in the world of academic science and biotechnology. Despite all the amazing breakthroughs in aging, genetics, and nutrition happening in research labs, none of this knowledge was reaching the people who needed it most—everyday individuals trying to live healthier, longer lives. I realized that while we were making incredible progress in understanding the biology of aging and performance, there was a massive gap between the science and practical, personalized guidance. That’s when the idea for InsideTracker was born: to bridge this gap by using science and data—real blood and physiological markers—to give people actionable, personalized recommendations to optimize their healthspan. It was the moment I understood that helping others live longer, better lives could be both my purpose and my life’s work.What sets InsideTracker apart in the health and wellness industry?InsideTracker’s “secret sauce” lies in its unique ability to combine cutting-edge science, personalized data, and actionable recommendations into a simple, user-friendly platform. What sets us apart is the integration of multiple data streams—blood biomarkers, DNA, fitness tracker data, and lifestyle information—into a comprehensive, science-backed algorithm that generates highly personalized health and longevity guidance.We don’t offer generic advice. Instead, we tap into peer-reviewed research and an ever-growing database of human biomarker data to deliver precise, prioritized recommendations based on an individual’s actual biology. This means that every InsideTracker plan is truly tailored, whether the goal is improving energy, optimizing sleep, building strength, or extending healthspan. Our science-first, data-driven approach, backed by a world-class team of scientists, dietitians, and aging experts, is what makes InsideTracker so effective—and so different from the noise of one-size-fits-all health solutions on the market.What’s the most surprising lesson you’ve learned from your customers or users?One of the most surprising and valuable lessons I’ve learned from our customers is how much they value simplicity. While we built InsideTracker on a foundation of deep science and complex data analysis, what our users really want is clear, straightforward guidance—they want to be told exactly what to do in order to improve their health. At the same time, they appreciate having the option to dive deeper and learn more if they’re curious, but simplicity always comes first.Another important insight is that people are very motivated by seeing progress—and seeing it fast. This is where wearable data becomes so powerful, because it gives them real-time feedback and a sense of momentum between blood tests or DNA insights. Our users have shown that they are absolutely willing to put in the effort—whether it’s changing their diet, improving their sleep, or adjusting their exercise routine—but only if they can see and feel that these changes are making a positive difference. Progress, simplicity, and actionable clarity are the keys they value most.What is the most groundbreaking or unexpected finding in the field of longevity research that you’ve come across recently, and why do you find it so compelling?One of the most groundbreaking and exciting developments I’ve come across in longevity research recently is the concept of cellular reprogramming. The idea that we can potentially reset the biological age of cells, essentially turning back the clock without fully reverting them to a pluripotent, embryonic state, is truly remarkable. This process, sometimes called partial reprogramming, holds the promise of rejuvenating tissues and organs while preserving their identity and function.What makes this so compelling is that, unlike traditional approaches that try to slow aging or manage age-related diseases, reprogramming addresses the root causes of aging at the cellular level. It suggests that aging is not an irreversible decline, but rather a process that can be modified or even reversed under the right conditions. Early studies in animals have shown improvements in tissue function, resilience, and even lifespan extension, which could eventually translate to human health and longevity.If this technology can be safely and precisely controlled, it may fundamentally change how we think about aging, not as something inevitable, but as a modifiable biological program. The potential impact on healthspan and disease prevention is enormous, and that’s why I find this area of research so exciting.In your opinion, which emerging longevity trend or product will have the most transformative impact on our health over the next five years, and why?I believe personalized healthspan optimization—like what we do at InsideTracker—will have the most transformative impact, as it empowers individuals with tailored, data-driven insights to make meaningful, sustainable changes that improve both lifespan and quality of life.One thing you wish more people knew about health and longevity?Wish more people knew that health and longevity are driven 80% by behavior and only 20% by genetics, meaning your daily choices matter far more than your DNA.What is the biggest longevity myth you’d like to debunk?The biggest health and longevity myth I’d like to debunk is that there’s one “best” diet—like paleo—that works for everyone, or that your genetics significantly limit what you can achieve, and also the misconception that strength training is bad for women; in reality, personalized approaches and strength training are key to lasting health regardless of genetics.If you could recommend only one supplement for a longer, healthier life, which would it be, and what makes it indispensable?I’d recommend personalized supplementation based on your unique biomarkers, as targeting your specific nutritional needs is the most effective way to support a longer, healthier life.How old can we potentially become at maximum?Without cellular reprogramming, the maximum human lifespan appears to be around 120 to 122 years, as exemplified by the longest-lived person on record.If there’s one message or insight you’d like readers to take away from your journey, what would it be?Your health is your greatest investment — take control of it early, make decisions based on data and personalization, and small, consistent actions today will shape a longer, healthier, and more vibrant life tomorrow.

Multilingualism increases life expectancy
Founder interview: Aubrey de Grey, President and Chief Science Officer of LEV Foundation
Aging Research

4 min read

Founder interview: Aubrey de Grey, President and Chief Science Officer of LEV Foundation

In our Founder Interview series, we highlight the brightest minds in preventive health, wellness, and longevity. In Episode 4, we’re honored to feature Aubrey de Grey, President and Chief Science Officer of the LEV Foundation—one of the leading voices in longevity research. Tell us a little about yourself and your current ventureI lead a biomedical research charity that is using mice to discover how to turn the clock of aging back, not just slow it down.How do you balance the demands of running a business while maintaining your own health and longevity?I decompress every day in my hot tub.Do you have a personal health goal? What is it? To stay as healthy as now forever.Before launching your venture, can you walk us through the “aha” moment that inspired the creation of your product/service?We don't have a product or service. My big "aha" moment was in 2000, when I realised that reversing aging (i.e. rejuvenation) would actually be medically far easier than significantly slowing aging down. That's because rejuvenation requires only repair of the damage that the body does to itself in the course of its normal operation, whereas slowing aging requires a vastly more detailed understanding of how the body works than we have today, as well as probably much more sophisticated tools.What sets your venture apart in the crowded health and wellness industry?We are the only group pursuing what I view as by far the most promising approach to bringing aging under truly comprehensive medical control: we are giving combinations of damage-repair treatments to normal, middle-aged mice, with the goal of making them stay healthy longer and thus, as a side-benefit, live longer.What is the most groundbreaking or unexpected finding in the field of longevity research that you’ve come across recently, and why do you find it so compelling?The most surprising finding is that, at least in mice, repair of just one type of aging damage (for example, elimination of senescent cells) is enough to slow down the advance of pretty much all the other types, thereby delivering some increase in lifespan. That's why we're doing studies to establish how much more life extension can be achieved by doing several such repairs simultaneously.In your opinion, which emerging longevity trend or product will have the most transformative impact on our health over the next five years, and why?There won't be any single one. We will defeat aging by a divide-and-conquer approach, combining a lot of different products.One thing you wish more people knew about health and longevity?I wish people understood that human aging is really no different than aging of a car: it's simply the accumulation, as intrinsic consequences of the body's normal operation, of initially harmless damage that impairs function once there is more of it than the body is set up to tolerate. It's not a mystery.What is the biggest longevity myth you’d like to debunk?That aging is somehow too "natural" to be amenable, even in principle, to medical control.If you could recommend only one supplement for a longer, healthier life, which would it be, and what makes it indispensable?I'm a PhD, not an MD, so I don't recommend supplements or other medicines. However, I can give one clear recommendation: listen to your body and do what works for you, rather than believing a book. That's because people differ so much in what are the weak links in their metabolism.How old can we potentially become at maximum?There's no limit. People talk about a natural limit, but that's only in the absence of the medicines that people like me are developing.What resources (books, podcasts, mentors) have been most valuable in your entrepreneurial journey?My mother taught me to enjoy learning. Then my first business partner gave me the freedom to learn how to work on really difficult problems. Then my first wife got me into biology.If there’s one message or insight you’d like readers to take away from your journey, what would it be?Never be scared to fail, or else you'll never try anything that's hard enough to be worth trying.

Omega-3 may turn back the epigenetic clock
Omega-3 Fatty Acids

2 min read

Omega-3 may turn back the epigenetic clock

An unexpected edge for healthy aging. What’s happening:A new Swiss-led clinical trial (DO-HEALTH) found that daily omega-3 supplements could slow down biological aging—at least for healthy adults over 70. Over three years, 777 participants took either 1g of plant-based omega-3, high-dose vitamin D, and/or did simple home workouts (three times a week). Researchers used cutting-edge “epigenetic clocks” (which track DNA methylation) to see how fast participants were aging at the cellular level. Key findings: Omega-3 alone slowed several epigenetic age markers, effectively making cells appear about three months “younger” than those in the placebo group.Combine & conquer: Adding vitamin D plus exercise amplified the anti-aging effect, resulting in four months of slower epigenetic aging.Extra perks: Past DO-HEALTH data linked omega-3 to a 10% reduction in falls and a 13% drop in infection risk among older adults. Even the chance of pre-frailty decreased by 39% when omega-3, vitamin D, and exercise teamed up.Why it matters:Omega-3 has long been hailed for heart and brain benefits. Now, it might help keep your cells younger, too—particularly if you’re combining supplements with movement and vitamin D. Given that aging is a top risk factor for chronic diseases, every month of biological “youth” counts.Expert take:“These effects may seem modest, but if they persist, the impact on public health could be substantial,” says study lead Heike Bischoff-Ferrari, referencing the real-world significance of slowing cellular aging.Looking ahead:Future research aims to identify exactly how omega-3 influences those DNA clocks.While the study focused on Swiss seniors, the results hint at broader possibilities for other age groups.As always, talk to your doctor before jumping on the supplement bandwagon—too much of a good thing can backfire. Still, a bit of healthy fat, sunshine vitamin, and moderate exercise might be your new trifecta for graceful aging.

Environmental toxins speed up aging?
Aging Research

2 min read

Environmental toxins speed up aging?

Time to think twice. What’s happening:A new exposome-wide study—recently published in Aging (Aging-US)—found that certain environmental pollutants, including cadmium, lead, and cotinine, appear to ramp up biological aging. Using data from over 2,300 U.S. adults aged 50 to 84, researchers examined links between 64 toxic substances and eight epigenetic aging markers. Turns out, elevated exposure to these chemicals may accelerate our cellular “clocks,” raising the risk for age-related diseases. Key findings:Cadmium’s effect was especially potent; higher blood levels correlated with faster epigenetic aging. Think cigarette smoke, industrial emissions, and even contaminated foods.Cotinine, tied to tobacco exposure, also spelled trouble—reinforcing smoking’s harmful effect on longevity.Lead exposure, commonly from old paint or water pipes, was linked to “turbocharged” aging as well.Interestingly, certain PCBs (like PCB118) and dioxins (like HpCDD) showed a potential link with slower aging markers, although the overall health benefit of that finding remains unclear.Why it matters:It’s not just about living long, but staying healthy as you age. With toxins lurking in everyday settings—air, food, and household products—this study rings alarm bells for both individuals and policymakers. Notably, reducing exposure to high-risk pollutants could help slow aging at the DNA level.Expert take:“Environmental chemical exposures represent a key modifiable risk factor,” explains first author Dennis Khodasevich. “This study highlights how everyday pollutants may influence biological aging in the U.S. adult population.”Looking ahead:Stricter regulations may be essential to curb exposure to metals and other chemicals.Personal vigilance, like avoiding cigarette smoke and lead-contaminated water, could pay off in your long-term health.Researchers plan deeper dives into how pollutants accelerate specific age-related conditions—from heart disease to cognitive decline. In other words, watch this space.

Discover your molecular profile: a gentle introduction to MOLEQLAR’s EPI-Proteomics Test
Sponsored
Biomarkers

9 min read

Discover your molecular profile: a gentle introduction to MOLEQLAR’s EPI-Proteomics Test

Have you ever wondered how your day-to-day habits—like what you eat, how often you exercise, or even how much stress you carry—actually shape your body at the molecular level? We often hear that diet and lifestyle can affect our health, but connecting those dots can feel vague or distant. That’s where MOLEQLAR’s EPI-Proteomics Test comes in, offering a closer look at „your molecular profile” by measuring the proteins inside your cells. By highlighting trends in everything from vitamin turnover to your body’s pace of aging, this test can serve as a helpful guide when you’re aiming for a healthier, more balanced life.A fresh perspective on biological age Traditional tests might focus on DNA methylation to estimate biological age, but the EPI-Proteomics Test uses a different approach. Instead of zooming in on genetic “volume controls,” it analyzes the proteome—the total set of proteins in your cells at any given moment. Why does that matter? Proteins reflect the real-time state of your body. They can shift quickly with changes in diet, stress levels, and exercise habits, offering a dynamic snapshot of how your lifestyle translates into concrete biological effects.What is ProteoAge?Imagine looking beyond the simple tally of birthdays and peering into the microscopic world where your cells actually ‘live’ and ‘work.’ That’s precisely what ProteoAge measures: how old your body is on a molecular level, rather than on a purely chronological one. By analyzing thousands of protein signals, it becomes possible to determine how effectively cells are functioning at any given moment. Two people might share the same birth date, yet the one with a lower ProteoAge could feel more energetic, stay active longer, and generally enjoy better vitality. By understanding your ProteoAge, you gain a clearer picture of your inner fitness—empowering you to shape your lifestyle in a way that supports a healthier, more resilient you. Similar in principle, different in practiceEpigenetic tests commonly rely on methylation patterns in blood or saliva to gauge how lifestyle factors affect aging, whereas MOLEQLAR’s EPI-Proteomics Test measures proteins in cheek cells. The principle is broadly alike—unhealthy habits can raise your “age” while healthier routines tend to lower it—but the specific metrics and analytical methods differ. Although the results aren’t directly interchangeable with those from DNA methylation tests, both approaches can shed light on whether your day-to-day choices are boosting or undermining your molecular well-being.Why proteomics? Think of it like your personal gardenImagine your body as a thriving garden, where your genes act as seeds holding the potential to grow into various types of “plants.” Proteomics represents the actual garden at any given moment: which plants are sprouting, how robustly they’re growing, and how they respond to changes in sunlight, water, or soil quality. This real-time view reveals how factors like your diet, stress levels, and exercise habits help certain plants flourish—or cause weeds (negative processes) to spread.Epigenetics meets proteomics: why your daily choices matterIn this garden, epigenetic processes are like the gardener, deciding how much water, fertilizer, or shade each seed receives. If you’re sleep-deprived or frequently stressed, the gardener may unintentionally favor “inflammation” or “stress-response” plants, letting them crowd out the healthier growth. On the other hand, a balanced lifestyle—including regular workouts and nutrient-rich meals—can encourage more robust “muscle repair” or “energy metabolism” plants to thrive.By measuring which “plants” are actually present and active, proteomics shows the direct outcome of these epigenetic gardening choices. Over time, consistent care steers your garden toward a flourishing landscape, while neglect or poor habits can leave it wilted and overrun. Essentially, epigenetics sets the guidelines on how seeds can develop, and proteomics captures how those guidelines play out—offering a clear snapshot of your health at the cellular level. What the test reveals Biological age & pace of aging Through thousands of protein measurements in your cheek swab, the EPI-Proteomics Test estimates both your biological age and the speed at which you’re aging. This data offers insight into whether your lifestyle choices might be speeding things up—or, ideally, slowing things down. Nutritional health score Proteins shift in response to what you eat. By measuring specific markers tied to macronutrients (like carbohydrates, fats, and proteins) and micronutrients (like zinc or vitamins A and D), the test provides a Nutritional Molecular Score. The score indicates how closely your diet aligns with healthier patterns, guiding you toward small yet effective tweaks if you’re off-track—such as cutting down on sugary drinks or increasing vegetable intake. Sport & activity insights If you’re curious about whether your exercise routine is pushing you closer to a “healthy” zone or whether you could benefit from a broader range of activities (like more strength training or extra rest days), the test’s Sport Molecular Score can help. It compares your proteomic markers against those of individuals with varying degrees of physical activity and suggests ways to refine or expand your routine.Detailed biomarkers Beyond giving you an overall health score, the EPI-Proteomics Test pinpoints specific protein markers linked to: Vitamin E turnover: Adequate vitamin E utilization helps protect cells from oxidative stress—a factor that can accelerate the aging process. Cholesterol metabolism: Efficient cholesterol handling promotes cardiovascular health, which in turn supports a slower pace of biological aging. Sirtuin expression: Sirtuins govern key processes like DNA repair and metabolic regulation, making their balanced activity crucial for healthy aging. Inflammatory response: Keeping inflammation in check helps prevent chronic stress on the body, which can hasten age-related decline. Sugar regulation: Stable blood glucose levels reduce metabolic strain, potentially slowing down the cellular wear and tear that speeds up aging. Immune activation: A well-tuned immune system fends off illness and maintains tissue health, both of which contribute to healthier aging overall. And more… Molecular insights, not a medical diagnosis It’s important to note that this test doesn’t diagnose medical conditions. Instead, it acts like a map—helping you see how your current lifestyle choices may be shaping your unique molecular landscape. With that information, you can decide if you want to adjust your habits, whether by incorporating more plant-based meals, tweaking your workout schedule, or focusing on better sleep hygiene.Taking the test: a simple cheek swabSome tests rely on blood samples to measure broad markers. By contrast, the EPI-Proteomics Test uses a non-invasive cheek swab. Scientists then analyze thousands of proteins from your buccal cells using advanced mass spectrometry techniques. Because these proteins reflect day-to-day changes, re-testing after a few months can show whether your new dietary or fitness routines are indeed making a difference at the molecular level. Personalized results and actionable advice Your test results don’t just stop at numbers. You’ll receive:Scores for both nutrition and activity, comparing your results to a wider population. Suggestions on improving aspects of your daily life (e.g., lowering processed meat intake, trying new exercise forms, or balancing vitamin levels) based on how far your markers deviate from a healthier range. This structured feedback aims to inspire realistic, incremental change—rather than overwhelming you with drastic, unsustainable goals. Achieving long-term well-being often involves modest steps that gradually shift your habits in a more positive direction.Discover your personal hallmarks of agingImagine wrinkles and slowing reflexes as just the “cover story” of growing older. Behind the scenes, there’s a rich tapestry of twelve distinct cellular processes—from DNA stability and nutrient sensing to how your cells dispose of everyday “trash”—that all play roles in how quickly (or slowly) your body shows signs of wear. These interconnected mechanisms are collectively known as the hallmarks of aging.The good news? MOLEQLAR’s EPI-Proteomics Test goes beyond measuring your ProteoAge: it also offers a personalized glimpse into these hallmarks, helping you see which areas might need extra support. By exploring these molecular “checkpoints,” you gain a deeper understanding of what keeps you feeling energetic and resilient—and how small, science-backed changes in your daily routine might help slow the clock on aging.Compound biomarkers: a more robust approachWhile many tests focus on single proteins as standalone indicators, MOLEQLAR introduces the concept of compound biomarkers for deeper, more reliable insights. Rather than relying on individual protein measurements in isolation, multiple proteins are pooled and cross-validated to form a more comprehensive data set. This methodology applies not only to specific biomarker categories but also extends to ProteoAge and the hallmarks of aging. By analyzing clusters of data points rather than single markers, the resulting information offers a more accurate reflection of overall cellular function—ultimately making test results more meaningful for users.A small, yet significant step toward healthier aging Non-invasive sampling: No blood draw required. Comprehensive data: Thousands of protein markers analyzed. Lifestyle focus: Nutrition, activity, and overall well-being rather than clinical diagnoses. Custom recommendations: Real-world tips to help you align your daily habits with your cells’ needs. For anyone wanting a more concrete roadmap to a healthier life, the EPI-Proteomics Test can be a valuable checkpoint. It provides the “why” behind simple lifestyle changes and sets measurable milestones for you to hit along the way.Final thoughtsUnderstanding your body at the protein level can transform how you view your current habits—revealing whether you’re steadily nurturing your future health or inadvertently undermining it. By marrying complex lab science with practical feedback, MOLEQLAR helps to discover „Your molecular profile“ with a EPI-Proteomics Test, which may guide you toward the small, consistent lifestyle adjustments that could yield big benefits down the road.  Disclaimer: This advertorial is for informational purposes only and does not substitute medical advice. The EPI-Proteomics Test provides insight into lifestyle and biological patterns but is not designed to diagnose or treat any medical conditions. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making significant changes to your diet, exercise routine, or supplement regimen. 

Founder interview: Marc P. Bernegger, co-founder of Maximon
Aging Research

11 min read

Founder interview: Marc P. Bernegger, co-founder of Maximon

In this interview, Marc P. Bernegger shares his journey in the last 26 years from founding early internet companies to pioneering ventures in Bitcoin and longevity. He explains the role of Maximon, which was founded in 2021, in bridging the gap between scientific research and the business world, discusses the evolving landscape of health and longevity, and reveals how he balances multiple projects while maintaining a healthy lifestyle.Marc, please introduce yourself and tell us about Maximon.I founded my first internet company in 1999 right after high school and have always been fascinated by new topics. Back then, I was the only one in school with an internet connection — unimaginable today. In the mid-'90s, I recognized the potential of the internet and, driven by my interest in new technologies, felt the need to start my own companies. My first platform was a party platform, which we later sold to Springer. After that, I built a ticketing platform at a time when it wasn’t common to sign up and pay for events online; I eventually sold that to Xing. I then became involved in the Bitcoin space in 2012 — not as a speculator or investor, but as an entrepreneur interested in new technologies.  In 2017 we launched the Crypto Finance Group, which we later sold to the Deutsche Börse — one of the largest exits in the Swiss startup scene. During this journey, I identified for myself longevity as a new mega-trend. I have been following this topic since 2009, much like I did with the internet or Bitcoin, having gotten involved very early on a personal level. Four years ago, my partners and I decided it was the right moment to re-enter the business side of this field. In 2021 we founded Maximon. Unlike in 2009 — when the focus was primarily on futurists, transhumanists and utopians with little scientific backing or concrete applications — the landscape has changed dramatically in recent years. You, too, with New Zapiens, are a fascinating example, and that marked the starting point for the activities we now pursue with Maximon and our community.Could you describe who is at Maximon and who you have in your portfolio? Yes, it's important for us to say that we are a mix of serial entrepreneurs, investors, scientists, and physicians. We always strive to bridge the gap between science, research, and business. We've found that while there are many brilliant researchers and scientists, they often lack the business drive. If you want to do something seriously in this field, it must also be scientifically supported. We see Maximon as a bridge between research and the business world. We bring together those who take over projects with people who can build companies and manage distribution—essentially, everything that researchers typically don't possess. From the very beginning, it was important for us to identify topics that are not only going to be relevant in 15 or 20 years but that already have a measurable impact on people's lives today and are monetizable.Who do you have in your portfolio?Our first company Avea, which we launched three years ago, is a supplements company that has developed extremely well. It became profitable after 26 months and now generates several million in monthly revenue, with a significant part coming from Asia. We have heavily internationalized, and that's very exciting. For us, it's important to own our own patents—it's not just a marketing play. We don't want to sell snake oil; we really want to help people achieve measurable effects, for example, by delaying the aging process and optimizing health.Then we have another company called Ayun that we started last summer in Zurich. It operates in a 560-square-meter, fully regulated center in a prime location. We function as a clinic — hence we can call it a clinic. This means that, although it comes with all the restrictions (with doctors on-site, everything very expensive and elaborate), it is regulated just like a doctor's office or a hospital, which enables us to offer only serious and proven treatments.Additionally, we have a company in the machine learning sector called Biolytica — a B2B play. We also have a company in the female menopause area called Frida Health. Beyond that, we are seeking partners to cover the entire spectrum of applications—not just biotech, but topics that are tangible today.How do you balance your various commitments and projects with a healthy lifestyle? I always say that, unlike my partners, I don't live all the longevity ideals 100%. My first company was a party platform — so I still enjoy having a drink and don't adhere to an ultra-conscious, healthy lifestyle. However, I optimize many small things in my everyday life, such as incorporating more movement, getting fresh air, and taking walks in the forest — simple yet effective measures.Then there are shortcuts like red light therapy, oxygen therapy, and personalized supplementation. I've seen how you can achieve noticeable and measurable effects without completely turning your life upside down. That's my advice: The data is pretty clear about what is healthy and what isn't. Many things we do should simply be cut out — that alone would be the biggest health improvement for most people.I'm also a big advocate of the Blue Zones approach. Whether every aspect of it is 100% scientifically proven or not, the idea is to spend more time outdoors, enjoy life, and not obsess over perfect health metrics. If I stay up a bit later on occasion because I had a great evening, that’s far more valuable to me than a perfect sleep statistic.Let's get specific: Which supplements do you take regularly? Since we have our own supplement company, Avea, I naturally take many of our own products because I believe in them. We produce in Switzerland, and I review the tests and the reference values myself. But independent of our own products, I would say: I am a big fan of supplements.I take the classic mix: magnesium, zinc, and vitamin D — which I believe is beneficial for everyone, regardless of diet. NMN was the first supplementation for which I experienced noticeable, measurable effects after just a few weeks.Additionally, I've discovered collagen. We developed our own patented solution, and I know the studies behind it — one of which will be published soon. It was impressive to see how such a product can produce measurable effects in people.I also have a few personal favorites, like creatine and apple cider vinegar — something my grandmother recommended. I take magnesium situationally after sports, and green tea is a staple for me — plus, I drink plenty of water and avoid soft drinks as much as possible. I continually experiment with new things. Although I haven't been drawn to peptides or other advanced biohacking approaches so far, I'm open to change. Four years ago, I didn't take any supplements at all, except perhaps a multivitamin occasionally, because people believed it would help prevent colds. However, my behavior has changed dramatically with the knowledge I have today. I believe many people still massively underestimate the impact that supplements can have on their health.What were the most important learnings from your journey?That's a great question. I was surprised to learn that when it comes to purchase decisions or entry into a market, simple, relatable themes are what truly matter. For example, at Avea we always insisted that everything had to be scientifically backed — we even had all the papers and studies for every product on our website. You see this with supplements: while you could argue about mitochondrial effects or biohacking, that only interests 1% of consumers. Instead, messaging like "more activity," "more energy," or, in the case of collagen, "better skin" has a much stronger appeal — even if it isn’t exactly what we intended, as we wanted to distinguish ourselves from the beauty industry. In the end, while the facts and science are crucial for a purchase decision, overemphasizing them can hinder marketing. My key learning is that it’s vital to have scientific credibility, but you must also appeal to soft skills and emotions in the sales process.So, is your focus on making the problem understandable and offering a fitting solution?Exactly, that’s a challenge. The Biohacking-Community is very small compared to the general public. Most people who could potentially benefit from such products and services don’t engage deeply with science or longevity research.I also see this at leading longevity conferences, especially those with a strong scientific focus: They often discuss mitochondrial optimization and telomere length. While scientifically important, these topics are hard for the average consumer to grasp. Someone without a background in biology won’t understand these terms.That’s why the bridge between scientific research and understandable communication is often missing. You can have the best product, but if the end consumer doesn’t understand it, they won’t buy it.How old can we expect to live?Yes, that’s always a good question. I can answer it by talking to people who are likely very close to the mark. I would say that the average — considering that for the past four years, with speakers like Bryan Johnson and David Singer (and others in similar roles) and with several guests who are investors closely involved in development—lies at about 100 to 110 years. That’s the average, and then there are outliers who reach even higher, which is seen as very realistic. When I take a perspective and look at how life expectancy has changed over the last 100 years—especially in Western or more developed countries, where medical advancements have been most pronounced—the trend appears almost predictable. We still die from diseases today that, in the foreseeable future, will no longer be an issue.Could you elaborate further on this topic? Probably. For me personally, it's interesting because I've been following this subject for about 16 years. What's particularly intriguing is the terminology: it used to be the Internet, then Web 2.0, then Bitcoin, later crypto — and now people speak only of Bitcoin. The terms are getting mixed up, and momentum is hard to build. I feel that even every stylist offering a head massage also offers a longevity treatment. We need to consider more carefully what these terms really mean. I believe the umbrella term "preventive care" is too unspectacular — something new is needed. For example, in the Arab world, they use the term "healthspan", because "longevity" is seen critically from a religious perspective. Culturally, terms are used differently. Then there's also the term "living longer" — or "staying healthier for longer." That too attracts criticism. What I notice is that many people in similar fields use different terms without realizing they’re working on the same topics — take aging, for instance. In our context, aging is frowned upon because it's considered a beauty issue, but when you go to Asia, renowned aging professors speak of "anti-aging," which is the term for what we call "longevity." This is something I always have to point out — not everyone who uses a term means the same thing.Where do you think we are on the development curve of this entire field? I would say that even though you read about these terms everywhere compared to 5 years ago, when you talk to the general public, we’re still relatively at the beginning.What recent inspirations have influenced you, and which trends will reshape products and services in the next five years? I have to say, for me personally, Aubrey de Grey — although he was particularly controversial in his early phases — laid the foundation. I know him very well personally by now, and in his early stages, he very likely brought in the first major investors by demonstrating that longevity is a viable business. That's why some refer to him as the Godfather of Longevity. In the next phase, influencers like Andrew Huberman and David Sinclair played significant roles. In retrospect, you'll see that marketing also became more influential, but that’s part of the process: you can have the best scientific book, but if no one reads or listens to it, you won't reach the masses — much like Bryan Johnson does. We’ve hosted him at our events twice; his extreme approach helps bring a new topic into the public eye. In my view, the truly relevant players are the entrepreneurs and startups that build on the groundwork laid by figures like de Grey or certain influencers, effectively developing products and services that genuinely help consumers. It’s not just about having an interesting book or podcast — it’s about actively working on the solution. At Maximon, we operate as entrepreneurs — even if we do it to make money — with the goal of creating a measurable impact on people’s quality of life. That impact doesn’t come from politicians or authors; it comes from the entrepreneurs who build companies and deliver products and services to consumers. In my opinion, these are the true rockstars, and we’re very proud to support some of these companies with our activities.

How NAD supplements may support healthy aging — and how MOLEQLAR fits in
Sponsored
NAD+

10 min read

How NAD supplements may support healthy aging — and how MOLEQLAR fits in

Have you ever wondered why some people maintain high energy levels, mental clarity, and overall vitality as they get older? For many years, scientists have been investigating that question by looking into nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, commonly abbreviated as NAD+ or simply NAD. This tiny coenzyme seems to play a big role in healthy aging—supporting everything from DNA repair to energy production—and it has become one of the most researched molecules in longevity science.Below, we’ll explore what NAD is, why its levels naturally decline with age, and how the brand MOLEQLAR offers a multifaceted approach with its regeNAD (NAD Regenerating Complex). While NAD+ might be a central piece of the longevity puzzle, remember that no single supplement is a magic bullet. The goal is to better understand the science behind NAD+ so you can make informed decisions about your health and wellness journey.NAD+ 101: The basicsWhat exactly is NAD?NAD stands for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a molecule composed of two mononucleotides linked together via a chemical bond. You’ll find NAD in almost all of your cells, acting somewhat like a co-pilot (a “coenzyme”) to hundreds of different enzymes. Without NAD’s electron-carrying capabilities, many metabolic processes in the body would slow down or halt altogether.NAD+ vs. NADHNAD+ is the oxidized form of the molecule, ready to pick up electrons.  NADH is the reduced form, loaded with electrons to donate.  In your mitochondria—often called the “power plants” of the cell—NADH hands off electrons to the electron transport chain, thereby facilitating the production of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). This ATP powers nearly every cellular activity you undertake, from muscle movement to nerve signals.Why the buzz about NAD levels?NAD levels appear to decline with age, which some researchers believe could be a major driver of metabolic sluggishness, decreased cellular repair, and increased susceptibility to age-related disorders. In various animal models, boosting NAD+ leads to improved insulin sensitivity, cognitive function, and even lifespan extension. Early human studies have shown similarly promising, though not yet conclusive, results. This has fueled a surge of interest in ways to maintain or increase NAD+ levels through diet, lifestyle changes, or targeted supplementation.A brief historical perspectiveEarly discoveries1906: Scientists Arthur Harden and William Young first described NAD in the context of alcoholic fermentation. Interestingly, NAD is involved in both alcohol production (during fermentation) and its breakdown in the body.  1930s: Otto Warburg demonstrated NAD’s significance in redox reactions, which are electron-exchange processes fundamental to energy production in cells and to various industrial applications (like pyrotechnics and margarine manufacturing).From DNA repair to “Longevity Genes”1960s: Researchers discovered NAD’s involvement in DNA repair, specifically with enzymes known as PARPs (poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases).  Modern Focus—Sirtuins: NAD’s popularity today largely stems from its role in activating a family of enzymes called sirtuins (SIRT1–7). Sirtuins are sometimes referred to as “longevity genes” because they influence cellular metabolism, stress responses, and genetic stability. When NAD+ levels are high, sirtuins function more optimally.Niacin: The first cholesterol-lowering “Medication”Long before statins and PCSK9 inhibitors, high-dose niacin (a precursor of NAD) was used in the 1950s to reduce LDL cholesterol levels. This historical tidbit underscores the complexity of vitamin B3-related compounds and their importance to human health—even before scientists fully grasped NAD’s extensive role.Why NAD+ declines with ageIt’s well established that NAD+ levels drop significantly over time, but researchers propose several converging factors:Reduced Production: Key enzymes and precursors for NAD+ synthesis, such as NAMPT and certain forms of vitamin B3, may become less abundant as we age.  Increased Breakdown: Enzymes like CD38 and overactive PARPs can speed up NAD degradation. Chronic low-grade inflammation (“inflammaging”) can further elevate CD38 levels.  DNA Damage and Cell Stress: Accumulated DNA damage triggers more frequent use of NAD in repair processes, depleting available supplies.Potential benefits of higher NAD+Scientists have studied NAD’s role in many tissues, often focusing on how supporting NAD+ might promote “healthspan”—the years of life lived in good health rather than just lifespan.Brain and Cognitive Function: NAD+ is critical for mitochondrial performance within neurons. Some studies suggest improving NAD+ levels may support memory, reduce age-related cognitive decline, and even offer mild protection against noise-induced hearing loss.  Muscle Performance: Muscle cells require ample ATP, which depends on robust mitochondrial function—and thus NAD+. Animal models repeatedly show enhanced muscular endurance and strength when NAD+ is supported through supplementation or genetic manipulation.Heart Health: The heart’s endurance is unmatched—beating more than a billion times in an average lifespan. High concentrations of mitochondria (and the NAD+ they rely on) help maintain the consistent contractions. Early findings indicate that boosting NAD+ in older animals can improve cardiac function and resilience.Liver and Detoxification: The liver handles energy storage, protein synthesis, and detoxification. All these processes depend on enzyme systems that require NAD. It follows that higher NAD+ may support more efficient detox pathways.Immunity and Viral Defense: During certain viral infections, NAD helps fuel specific subsets of PARP enzymes that bolster cellular immunity. Researchers investigating SARS-CoV-2 noted that higher NAD+ levels might support antiviral responses—though the evidence is preliminary and may not generalize to all viral infections.‘Longevity Genes’ and the Hallmarks of Aging: Sirtuins, often called “longevity genes,” appear to rely on NAD+ to modulate multiple hallmarks of aging, including DNA repair, inflammatory pathways, and stress responses. By ensuring adequate NAD, you potentially influence a broad suite of age-related processes.Introduction to MOLEQLAR’s regeNAD (NAD Regenerating Complex)MOLEQLAR, a company dedicated to advanced nutrition and longevity research, has developed regeNAD (NAD Regenerating Complex) to tackle the multifaceted nature of NAD+ metabolism. Rather than depending on a single ingredient, regeNAD supplies various vitamin B3 derivatives—most notably nicotinamide D-ribose, which has garnered attention for its potentially greater efficacy compared to plain nicotinamide (Nam).While nicotinamide and nicotinic acid (niacin) remain valuable for feeding the Salvage and Preiss-Handler pathways, respectively, the inclusion of nicotinamide D-ribose offers a more direct route to key NAD+ intermediates. This shift responds directly to critiques that highlight the need for advanced forms of B3 beyond simple nicotinamide.Additionally, regeNAD includes L-tryptophan to support the De Novo pathway, vitamin B6 to facilitate NMN conversion into NAD+, and apigenin, an ingredient that may help inhibit CD38—a major contributor to NAD+ breakdown. Together, these components aim to optimize multiple steps of NAD+ metabolism, reflecting the growing consensus that targeted approaches like nicotinamide D-ribose can be more effective than relying solely on standard forms of vitamin B3.Spotlight on RiaGev®RiaGev is a proprietary blend of D-ribose and nicotinamide designed to support NAD+ biosynthesis and antioxidant capacity. A 2022 study published in Nutrients found that RiaGev supplementation in overweight or obese adults significantly increased NAD+ and glutathione levels, suggesting enhanced cellular energy metabolism and improved redox balance. These findings point to RiaGev’s potential role in maintaining metabolic health, particularly in individuals seeking targeted approaches to bolster NAD+ status.Don’t Miss Niagen® NR (NR plus TMG)Alongside regeNAD, MOLEQLAR also offers Niagen® NR, available as NR plus TMG Capsules. Niagen® is a branded form of nicotinamide riboside, one of the best-researched vitamin B3 derivatives. Studies have shown that NR can effectively raise NAD+ levels in humans, with potential benefits for metabolic function, cognitive support, and cellular resilience. Coupled with trimethylglycine (TMG), this formulation aims to enhance methylation processes—another factor that influences gene expression and overall metabolic health.Whether you choose regeNAD or Niagen® NR+, MOLEQLAR’s product range underscores the company’s commitment to clinically tested solutions for healthy aging. RiaGev® in regeNAD and Niagen® NR both align with the latest research on how best to maintain robust NAD+ levels. More than supplements: The holistic approachA holistic approach to healthy aging goes beyond simply taking supplements. Regular exercise, for instance, is known to upregulate the enzyme NAMPT, which indirectly helps maintain NAD+ levels. Intermittent fasting or caloric restriction may also support NAD+ by boosting sirtuin activity and reducing inflammation. In addition, a balanced diet that includes vitamin B3-rich foods (such as fish, meat, and whole grains) and amino acids like L-tryptophan can provide the essential building blocks for NAD+ synthesis. Before making any major changes—be it dietary shifts or supplementation—it’s helpful to establish a baseline. To this end, MOLEQLAR has teamed up with the University of Vilnius to develop an at-home NAD test kit. By using a simple dry blood sample, the kit measures your current NAD+ levels, allowing you to track how these levels respond to different interventions and helping you identify the most effective strategies for your individual needs. In addition to regeNAD, MOLEQLAR offers other products, such as the Fasten-Bundle, which includes compounds like Glucosamin, Berberin, and Spermidin to support various molecular aspects of fasting. Although these are not directly related to NAD+ metabolism, they can enhance an overall approach to metabolic health by assisting the body in managing stress responses, insulin sensitivity, and cellular maintenance.Is NAD+ the “Fountain of Youth”?While high NAD+ levels correlate with numerous markers of robust aging, we must remember that no single supplement can replace a healthy lifestyle. The field is still evolving, with plenty of unanswered questions about the interplay between inflammation, CD38 levels, sirtuin activation, and NAD metabolism. Future research may further clarify the best methods, dosages, and timing for NAD+ support.Here’s what we do know:NAD+ is fundamental to processes like cellular energy, DNA repair, and immune defense.  Levels drop with age, and this decline often coincides with reduced metabolic health and resilience.  Boosting NAD+ — by slowing its breakdown, providing enzymatic cofactors, and ensuring adequate precursors — seems to help maintain various aspects of healthspan in animal models and early human trials.  MOLEQLAR’S regeNAD stands out for embracing multiple pathways and steps in NAD synthesis and breakdown. Though no approach guarantees the proverbial “fountain of youth,” a well-rounded regimen that includes a balanced diet, regular exercise, good sleep, and thoughtful supplementation could tip the scales in favor of better aging.Final thoughtsNAD+ is more than just another health buzzword. Decades of biochemical and clinical research underscore its importance in keeping our cells running smoothly — especially as we grow older. Understanding NAD’s history, its complex web of pathways, and the factors that cause its decline allows us to make more nuanced choices about how to support healthy aging.MOLEQLAR recognizes the multi-faceted nature of NAD+ metabolism, which is why it developed regeNAD (NAD Regenerating Complex) to cover many bases—precursor supply, enzyme support, and breakdown inhibition. If you’re curious about how your NAD+ level shapes your daily life, consider measuring it using their at-home NAD test kit, then consult with a healthcare professional to figure out the best approach for your unique situation.Disclaimer: This advertorial is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always speak with a qualified healthcare provider before starting any new supplement, especially if you have underlying health conditions or take other medications. Results may vary, and research on NAD+ continues to evolve.

Longevity–key factors for a healthier, longer life
Aging Research

10 min read

Longevity–key factors for a healthier, longer life

In the past years we have observed a growing trend – Longevity. More people want to live healthier longer or put in scientific terms, they want to increase their healthspan and lifespan. Healthspan is the time you are “more or less” healthy, while lifespan is the time you are alive regardless of health or sickness. Especially after COVID the awareness that taking care of one’s health is important to new heights. The existing biohacking scene exploded, and disciples of famous biohackers looked for new ways to increase their healthspan or even reduce their aging rate. New markets opened up and new treatments surfaced, here are some examples: IV Drips: which are intra-venous infusions with vitamins, NAD, etc. with cool names like “Detox”, “anti-hangover”, “Rejuvenation” or so.HBOT: hyperbaric oxygenation therapy in a pressured tubeIHHT: intermittent hypo-/hyper oxygenation therapy, where you cycle between low and high oxygen inhalation, basically simulating high and low altitudeRed-Light Therapy: which is supposed to help with rejuvenation and mitochondrial activationAlso the supplement market exploded, driven by scientist like David Sinclair with thousands of readers of “Lifespan – why we age and why we don’t have to” following his supplement stack like Reservatrol or Quercetin regimen that had good results in mouse experiments.I feel that there is so much attention on how to hack oneself to healthier living while many forget the basic principles. All experts and scientists agree on the following lifestyle modifications that lead to a healthier life:Physical activity/ exercise at least 150 min every week. Building strength and endurance is unequivocally the most important element to stay healthy. Building strength, stability and endurance allows us to prepare for sarcopenia, the loss of muscle mass as we age. If we are not exercising, we are loosing about 10% muscle mass every 10 years. By building an exercise routine as early as possible we can reduce that aging phenomenon and prevent frailty which often results in falls, bone fractures and ultimately preventable deaths.A balanced diet that reduces sugar intake and focuses on the right amount of fiber, protein and complex carbohydrates Sleep: never in history of mankind has sleep gotten the attention it deserves – sleep quality, quantity, regularity and timing are key to good, regenerative sleep for your body and brain!Reduction of stress reduces the levels of cortisol which has positive effects on many levels.Social interactions and mental fitness – we also need to train our brain and keep it active. Spending time in nature and with close friends improves brain function.While it is tempting to focus on the next pill or cool intervention I would like to highlight the importance of the basics above. In my opinion they make up for 95% of living healthier longer.We should focus more on getting the basics right, reducing toxins (highly processed food, refined sugar, reduce alcohol consumption, etc.) and supplement deficiencies (Vit D3/K2, Magnesium, Omega 3, etc.). I feel that more and more people are getting less mindful of their respective lifestyle choices and do not want to change their habits. Instead, they spend a lot of time and in many cases a lot of money on the latest gadgets and therapies sometimes with weak evidence levels.One good example of a somewhat affordable interventions are actions around the concept of hormesis which is basically is somewhat “what doesn’t kill you makes you stronger” or “the dosage makes the poison”.Let me explain:High temperatures for a longer period can be deadly for us humans. But exposing yourself to 20-30 min of Sauna (80-90°C) every day, can reduce your all-cause mortality by 40% (Rhonda Patrick has all the details here). "Heat-shock proteins" are generated that have a positive effect - see below.Extreme cold for a longer period can also be deadly. But exposing yourself for short periods to the cold seems to have positive effects and “cold-shock proteins” are being expressed which help to repair damaged proteins, just like “heat-shock proteins” do after Sauna. The activation of mitochondria and build-up of brown fat tissue (fat cells with more mitochondria look more brownish) has yet to be better studied.Depriving yourself from food for a long time can also end with death. But fasting for 3-7 days has shown to have a very positive effect on the gut microbiome and supports autophagy, which is the self-cleaning mechanism of the human body. Old or dysfunctional cells are being recycled as the body turns into emergency mode and uses every resource to increase the chances of survival. This also eliminates socalled Zombi-cells or senescent cells, which are dysfunctional cells that have not initiated apoptosis, the programmed cell-death. Those cells continue to exist and produce toxins. Fasting therefore is a self-cleaning process that helps to reset the microbiome as well.Another low-cost intervention is breathwork. I will not get into details here but breathing exercises in different forms have direct effects on our body. Just look up Wim Hof and how he manipulates his immune response through breathing.Let’s look at the “4 horsemen” as Peter Attia calls the leading causes of death:Cardiovascular disease (heart-attacks, strokes, etc.)CancerNeurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer’s, Dementia of any kind)Metabolic syndrome (Adiposity, Insulin resistance with type II diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension)Today we know that regular exercise, sufficient sleep, a balanced diet with limited refined sugar and a real (not virtual) social network with regular in-person interaction are the best ways to reduce the risk of getting sick.If the above listed lifestyle interventions do not reduce high cholesterol levels or high blood pressure because of genetic predispositions then the use medication is highly recommended. High blood pressure over time damages the inner lining of blood vessels called “intima”. High cholesterol levels in combination with high blood pressure increases the risk of plaques which are cholesterol depositions underneath the intima. These plaques create reduced blood flow which reduces the supply with oxygen of the respective tissue and the risk of blood clots increases which can cause embolisms, heart attacks or strokes.In general, we should make use of preventative medicine. In many countries there are regular check-ups which are covered by most insurances. I would also advise to invest more in preventative care to detect any diseases as early as possible. The earlier the disease is detected the higher the chances of curing it. Longevity research has made significant progress in recent years, and there are many exciting developments expected in the future. Here are some of the most promising areas:Genome Editing and Gene Therapy: With technologies like CRISPR/Cas9, it is possible to make targeted changes to the human genome. This could help cure genetic diseases and potentially slow down or stop aging if we can identify the right switches.Stem Cell Therapy: Stem cells have the potential to regenerate damaged tissue and improve organ function. In the future, stem cell therapies could play a crucial role in treating age-related diseases like arthritis.Artificial Intelligence and Big Data: By analyzing large datasets, patterns and connections that were previously unknown can be discovered. Artificial intelligence could help create personalized health plans and detect early signs of diseases.Microbiome Research: The human microbiome, which is the collection of microorganisms in the body, plays an important role in health. Future research could reveal new ways to use the microbiome to slow down aging and improve health. I have analyzed my microbiome and still cannot make any use of the results. We still need to better understand how a good microbiome looks like for each individual person.Pharmacological Interventions: There are already some drugs that have the potential to slow down aging. In the future, new compounds could be developed that specifically target the mechanisms of aging and extend lifespan. Metformin is one example that is further tested in the famous TAME trial. Rapamycin has also been touted as a potentially beneficial for health and longevity. But we are still missing conclusive results.Preventive Medicine: The importance of preventive medicine will continue to grow. Regular health check-ups and early interventions can help prevent diseases and improve quality of life in old age. Liquid biopsies can now detect cancer cells or cancer DNA earlier than the cancer shows in a CT or MRI scan. I have done many preventative tests, from whole-body MRIs to cardio-CT scans to detect soft plaque to full genome tests, extensive blood work, microbiome testing and more mundane colonoscopies. I just don’t want to die of something stupid or detectable.Technological Innovations: New technologies such as wearable health devices, telemedicine, and personalized medicine will revolutionize how we monitor and treat our health. Existing technologies like Oura or Whoop are great in helping us to understand our body better. This are just the beginning. New technologies will enable us to measure and analyze many more parameters in real time and suggest immediate interventions that help us to live healthy lives longer. These developments show that the future of longevity research is promising. However, it is important to continue focusing on the basics of health care and rely on proven methods to live a long and healthy life.ConclusionPlease do not get me wrong, I would consider myself to be a small biohacker and new therapies like HBOT, IHHT, red-light therapy can have very positive effects. What I am trying to say is that we should start with the basics first and try to optimize those as much as possible as these are relatively low in cost and mostly require discipline (forming of new habits). Once we have optimized the basics (exercise, nutrition, sleep, stress, social interaction) we can start looking at how to optimize the remaining 5% or so by using new tech if we can and want to spend the needed time and money for it. The future holds a lot of technological innovation and advancements in research. While gene editing is most likely further out, technologies like stem cell therapies or pharmaceutical interventions might be broadly available in the next 5-10 years and will help us to extend our healthspan. Through medical advancement we in principle get to live one more year for every 4 years that we live. That rate can accelerate and some futurists like Ray Kurzweil or medical experts like George Church from the Harvard Medical School predict that we might get to the “Longevity Escape Velocity” where we get more than year of additional lifetime for every year that we survive.I personally think that life is precious because it is limited in time. If we were to be able to live forever, then life as we know it would lose a lot of its meaning – at least for me. Death is a critical part of life. Without death there is now renewal and evolution. To a long and healthy life my fellow Zapiens – may it be full of health and happiness, and when the time comes, it hopefully ends fast and in peace. Let’s make the most of it!